Copy of (0) -H - Bonding Slides gt

Ionic Bonds

Bonds formed between a metal and a nonmetal where electrons are transferred to form cations and anions.

Covalent Bonds

Bonds formed between nonmetals where electrons are shared to fulfill the octet rule.

Lewis Structures

Diagrams that show the bonding between atoms and the lone pairs of electrons in a molecule.

Polyatomic Ions

Ions that consist of two or more atoms covalently bonded together and have an overall charge.

Formal Charge

The difference between the number of valence electrons of an atom and the number assigned to it in a Lewis structure.

Octet Rule

Principle that atoms tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell.

Resonance

A phenomenon in which some molecules can be represented by two or more valid Lewis structures.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces of attraction that occur between molecules, including London dispersion, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonding.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of intermolecular attraction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like O, N, or F.

Difference in Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a bond, determining bond type.