Unit 3: Reactions

reaction

process of molecular change

reactant

A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction

product

A substance produced in a chemical reaction

how to balance equations

you must change the coefficient of each reactant and product so that there are the same number of atoms of each element

Types of Reactions

synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, neutralization, complete combustion, incomplete combustion

Types of Reactions: Synthesis

A + B --> AB

two reactants or more react to form a single product

Types of Reactions: Decomposition

AB --> A + B

one reactant forms more than one product

Types of Reactions: Single Displacement

A + CD --> AD + C

one element takes the place of another element in a compound

Types of Reactions: Double Displacement

AB + CD --> AD + CB

the exchange of anions between 2 compounds

Types of Reactions: Neutralization

HNO3 + NaOH --> NaNO3 + H2O

a double displacement reaction in which an acid and a base react to form water and an ionic compound

Interjection: what is a hydrocarbon

a substance consisting of carbon and hydrogen

(CH4, CH3)

Types of Reactions: Combustion

The burning of a hydrocarbon in oxygen

Types of Reactions: Combustion Incomplete vs Complete

Complete: there is an abundance of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water are produced , no matter the hydrocarbon

Incomplete: when the amount of oxygen gas available is limited, carbon monoxide and water are produced no matter the hydrocarbon

Activity Series

a list of elements in order of decreasing reactivity. elements higher in the reactivity series will replace elements lower in the series during single displacement reactions