Normal CommDev Test 1

Communication

The process of sending and receiving signals to exchange information

Language

Structured system of symbols, sounds, and rules used for communication

Speech

the physical act of producing sounds that make up sentences

The three domains of communcation

Form, Content, Use

Form

Morphology, Syntax, phonology

Content

Semantics

Use

Pragmatics

The five sub-domains of communication

Morphology, Pragmatics, Phonology, Semantics, Syntax

Morphology

Structure of words

Pragmatics

the social rules and context for using language

Phonology

speech sounds and how they are organized

Syntax

rules that govern sentence structure and word order

Semantics

the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences

Duality of patterning

Combining sounds in infinite number of arrangements to produce words and sentences

Recursion

Creating and using words in complex and embedded arrangements and to store expressions that do not follow standard rules

Prevarication

Using language to decieve and to invent forms for artistic expression

Reflexivity

Using language to reflect on and talk about language

Learnability

Learning language from the environment, cognitive abilities, and social contexts

What is the speech chain?

A model of how a speaker’s thoughts are transformed into spoken language, transmitted through sound waves, and then understood by a listener

Order of speech chain

Conceptualization, encoding, articulation, transmission, reception, decoding

Conceptualization

idea of message in brain

encoding

brain translates idea into linguistic form

articulation

motor system produces speech sounds using vocal apparatus

transmission

sound waves are transmitted in air

reception

listener hears and perceives the sounds

decoding

the listener interprets the sounds

Main guy for nativists

Noam Chomskey

Main guy for behaviorists

B.F. Skinner

Interactionist guy

Lev Vygotsky

What did Vygotsky do for the interactionist theory

Zone of Proximal Development

Primary Mechanism of Nativist

Universal grammer

Primary mechanism of behaviorist theory

teaching can be reinforced or punished

interactionist theory primary mechanism

zone of proximal development

LAD

Language Aquisition Device, basically the belief that children are born with the subconscious ability to work out the grammatical rules of language

Implication for CSD: Interactionist

consider the environment someone is raised in, it can greatly impact their speech and language skills

Implication for CSD: nativist

helps with the understanding of developmental milestones and potential underlying causes of language disorders

Implication for CSD: behaviorist theory

encourages the use of reinforcements or punishment when children are aquiring language

language areas in the brain

left, or temporal

Mirror nuerons

actions that can be used for imitating actions but also able to recognize and deternome differences in the actions of others

Plasticity

the brain’s ability to change constantly as individuals learn

information processing theory

suggests that humans process info in the same way that computers do

Parallel distributed processing (PDP) system

parallel processing pattern responsible for acquisition of language occur at many levels at the same time

Language Acquisition Support Structure (LASS)

belief that language develops as a natural consequence of social interaction

Speech Act Theory

locutionary, illocutionary, perlocutionary

locutionary

the utterance

illocutionary

motive or purpose underlying an utterance

perlocutionary

the effect the locutionary act might have on the listener

salience

the quality of a word, phrase, or concept being particularly noticeable or prominent in a given context.