World History

Topic 2

purgatory

a place of punishment where souls pay for past sin

indulgence

a release from all or part of punishment for sin by the Catholic church, reducing time in purgatory after death

thesis

A position or idea a person puts forward and is willing to prove through argument

recent

To withdraw a statement or position formally and publicly.

Humanism

An intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities, which included grammar, rthetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and History

heretic

a person who opposes or does not conform to established religious teaching

predestination

the belief that God has determined in advance who will be saved (the elect) and who will be condemned (the reprobate)

popular sovereignty

the right to govern through the consent of the people

mercenary

a soldier who fights primarily for pay

republic

a form of gorvernment in which the leader is not a king and certizens have the right to vote

vernacular

the language of everyday speech in a particular region

fresco

painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water based paints

linear perspective

artisitc techique used to give the effcet of three-dimensional depth to two-dimensional surface

altarpeiece

an artwork that represents a religious subject and is placed behind the altar of a christian church

duomo

a church built to serve as a cathdral; this reference is to the cathedral of the catherdral of the assumption of the virgin mary in orvveito

pieve

a church with a baptistery

sarcophagus

a stone coffin or burial place

patron

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