Computer Internet and Internet Protocols - Week 8

Protocols

These often vary according to purpose, speed, transmission efficiency, utilization of resources, ease of setup, compatibility and ability to travel between different LANs

Multiprotocol Networks

These are networks that are running more than one protocol

TCP/IP

This is the most popular protocol suite.

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

What does TCP/IP stand for?

TCP/IP

Suite of specialized subprotocols TCP, IP, UDP, ARP, and many others

TCP / IP

De facto standard on Internet Protocol of choice for LANs and WANs. Protocols able to span more than one LAN are routable.

TCP / IP

Can run on virtually any combination of NOSs or network mediaTCP/IP core protocols operate in Transport or Network layers

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

• Provides reliable data delivery services.

• Operates in Transport layer Connection-oriented

• Ensures reliable data delivery through sequencing and checksums

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

This provides a flow control port hosts address where an application makes itself available to incoming or outgoing data.

IP (Internet Protocol)

Provides information about how and where data should be delivered Data’s source and destination addresses

IP (Internet Protocol)

• Network layer protocol

• Enables TCP/IP to internetwork

• Unreliable, connectionless protocol

• IP datagram: packet, in context of TCP/IP Envelope for data

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

Network layer protocol that reports on success or failure of data delivery when part of the network congested

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

Indicates when data fails to reach the destination indicated when data is discarded because allotted time for delivery expired. It cannot correct errors it detects

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)

Network layer protocol that manages multicasting transmission method allowing one node to send data to a defined group of nodes point-to-multipoint method

Teleconferencing or Videoconferencing

This uses IGMP to determine which nodes belong to multicast group and to transmit data to all nodes in that group.

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

Network layer protocol Obtains MAC (physical) address of host Creates database that maps MAC address to host’s IP (logical) addressARP table or cache: local database containing recognized MAC-to-IP address mappings

Dynamic ARP

These table entries are created when client makes ARP request that cannot be satisfied by data already in ARP table.

Static ARP

These table entries are entered manually using ARP utility.

RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)

This allows client to broadcast MAC address and receive IP address in reply