Good Governance

Module 1.1

Good governance

An approach to government that is committed to creating a system founded on justice and peace that protects individuals human rights and civil liberties.

Participation

It requires all groups, particularly those most vulnerable, have direct or representative access to the systems of government.

Rule of law

It is exemplified by impartial legal systems that protect the human rights and civil liberties of all citizens, particularly minorities. This is indicated by an independent judicial branch and a police force free from corruption.

Transparency

It means that citizens understand and have access to the means and manner in which decisions are made, especially if they are directly affected by such decisions. Must be provided in an understandable and accessible format typically translated through the media.

Responsiveness

It simply involves that institutions respond to their stakeholders within a responsible time frame.

Consensus oriented

It is demonstrated by an agenda that seeks to mediate between the many different needs, perspectives, and expectations of a diverse citizenry. Decisions need to be made in a manner that reflects a deep understanding of the historical, cultural, and social context of the community.

Equity and Inclusiveness

It depends on ensuring that all the members of a community feel included and empowered to improve or maintain their wellbeing, especially those individuals and groups that are the most vulnerable.

Effectiveness and Efficiency

It is developed through sustainable use of resource to meet needs of society. Sustainability refers to ensuring social investments carry through and natural resources are maintained for future generations.

Accountability

It refers to institutions being ultimately accountable to the people and one another. This includes government agencies, civil society, and the private sector all being accountable to one another as well.

Doctrine of separation of powers

Based on the acceptance that there are three main categories of government functions: legislative, executive, and judicial. It insists that these three powers and functions of government in a free democracy must be kept separate and exercised by separate organs of the state.

Legislative

Makes and passes the laws (such as Congress or Parliament).

Executive

Carries out and enforces the laws (led by the President or Prime Minister).

Judicial

Explains the laws and solves legal problems (the courts).