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Test for Alkenes
Shake with bromine water
Positive test for Alkenes
Colourless solution
Test for halogenoalkanes
Add Sodium Hydroxide (aq)
Acidify with nitric acid
Add silver nitrate
Positive results for halogenoalkane test
AgCl = White
AgBr = Cream
AgI = Yellow
Test for Alcohols
Add Acidified potassium dichromate solution
Positive result for Alcohol test
Orange turns to green (Only with primary and secondary alcohols
What is the result of a tertiary alcohol when adding acidified potassium dichromate
None
Test for Aldehydes (T)
Warm with Tollens reagent
What is a positive result for the Aldehyde test (T)
Silver mirror forms
Aldehydes test (F)
Warm with Fehlings solution
What is the positive result for the Aldehydes test (F)
Blue solution forms a red precipitate
Test for Carboxylic acids
Add Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
Positive result for carboxylic acid. test
CO2 Gas is formed (Effervescence)
What can primary alcohols be oxidised into
Aldehydes and then Carboxylic acids
What can secondary alcohols be oxidised into
Ketones
What type of alcohol cannot undergo oxidation
tertiary alcohols
What is an oxidising agent of alcohols
K2Cr2O7 (Acidified potassium dichromate)
What is the process for oxidation of primary alcohols
The alcohol undergoes distillation into an Aldehyde
The alcohol can then be further oxidised under reflux to produce a carboxylic acid
What colour does Potassium dichromate become after being reduced
Orange → Green
What are the two ways in which alcohol can be produced
Fermentation and the refining of crude oil
What are the conditions necessary for an Elimination reaction in alcohols
600 C
Aluminium Oxide catalyst (Al2O3)
What is Elimination also known as in alcohols
Dehydration
What are the products of an elimination reaction
An Alkene and a Water molecule
What is the mechanism
