mwh sparknote

Han China

-1st Chinese empire
-fell bc of problems with factions
-private landowners developed

Sui

2nd-made the grand canal (helped transport food and other goods)
-funded military expeditions
-fell after military defeats KOREA- rebellions bc of heavy taxes and forced labor needed for canal

Tang

3rd-golden age
-reinstate burecaurcy tests'
fell bc of poor leadership , rebellions, uighurs and power hungry military

Song

4th-continued excellent bureacutric system
-had large flaws like high salaries for burecrats and the removal of generals, (buercrats took control)
-abonded the north, moved south until the MONGOLS

Ummayads

-esentially came first, luxurious lifestyle cost them their rule

Abbasids

-came second, more administrators than conquereors

Swahili

East
Mix of bantu and Arabic culture and language, refers to the "coasters", empire brought in wealth through trade, collapsed after the Portugese 🇵🇹 invaded

Zimbabwe

East
-extensive trade network with partners in IOB
-had access to gold, ivory and cattle
-mysteriously abandoned

Axum

East
-city state
-mix of Arabs and Africa
-major trading port
-Christian state
Fell bc of limtied trade routes bc of Islamic rise & internal issues and civil wars

Ethiopia

East
essentially new Axum, remained Christian and independent

Ghana

WEST
-farming villages collected
-gold & islam
-lost trade, end of empire
-absorbed by Mali

Mali

WEST
-same geographic area
-Mana Musa
-rich
fell bc of weak rullers, rebellions and rise of Songhai

Songhai

-controlled trade routes, strong army and navy
-extensive bureacracy
declines bc of weak leaders and succession issues

Mauryan Empire

-Essentially founded under Chandragupta Maurya

• Ashoka took over all of India except the South
  -Ashoka's the brutal conqueror who reforms to a Buddhist
  Fell bc of financial issues

Gupta Empire

-centered around Maghada region
-more relaxed, less centralized
-fell bc of White Huns

Chola Kingdom

South, 1st- maritime, decentralized power, more traders than emperors

Vijayanagar

Southern Indian Empire 2nd, originally Islamic, renounced Islam, kept relations w/ Sultanate of Delhi

Southernization

-essentially like westernization but refers to prominence of Southeast Asia
-Indian maritime trade
-Hindi number system
-Buddhist monasteries in China
-Developement of Champa, disease resistant rice
-Arabs built on top of Hindi numeric system