mwh sparknote

Han China

Han China

-1st Chinese empire -fell bc of problems with factions -private landowners developed

Sui

2nd-made the grand canal (helped transport food and other goods) -funded military expeditions -fell after military defeats KOREA- rebellions bc of heavy taxes and forced labor needed for canal

Tang

3rd-golden age -reinstate burecaurcy tests' fell bc of poor leadership , rebellions, uighurs and power hungry military

Song

4th-continued excellent bureacutric system -had large flaws like high salaries for burecrats and the removal of generals, (buercrats took control) -abonded the north, moved south until the MONGOLS

Ummayads

-esentially came first, luxurious lifestyle cost them their rule

Abbasids

-came second, more administrators than conquereors

Swahili

East Mix of bantu and Arabic culture and language, refers to the "coasters", empire brought in wealth through trade, collapsed after the Portugese 🇵🇹 invaded

Zimbabwe

East -extensive trade network with partners in IOB -had access to gold, ivory and cattle -mysteriously abandoned

Axum

East -city state -mix of Arabs and Africa -major trading port -Christian state Fell bc of limtied trade routes bc of Islamic rise & internal issues and civil wars

Ethiopia

East essentially new Axum, remained Christian and independent

Ghana

WEST -farming villages collected -gold & islam -lost trade, end of empire -absorbed by Mali

Mali

WEST -same geographic area -Mana Musa -rich fell bc of weak rullers, rebellions and rise of Songhai

Songhai

-controlled trade routes, strong army and navy -extensive bureacracy declines bc of weak leaders and succession issues

Mauryan Empire

-Essentially founded under Chandragupta Maurya

• Ashoka took over all of India except the South -Ashoka's the brutal conqueror who reforms to a Buddhist Fell bc of financial issues

Gupta Empire

-centered around Maghada region -more relaxed, less centralized -fell bc of White Huns

Chola Kingdom

South, 1st- maritime, decentralized power, more traders than emperors

Vijayanagar

Southern Indian Empire 2nd, originally Islamic, renounced Islam, kept relations w/ Sultanate of Delhi

Southernization

-essentially like westernization but refers to prominence of Southeast Asia -Indian maritime trade -Hindi number system -Buddhist monasteries in China -Developement of Champa, disease resistant rice -Arabs built on top of Hindi numeric system