✅️⭐️8 - Pelvic Muscles & Joints I

sacroiliac joint

Which joint is associated with the following?

-Transmit the weight of the trunk to the pelvic limbs when standing

-Drive the force of the limbs to the trunk in progression

synovial; fibrous

The sacroiliac joint is created through the combination of a _____ joint with an adjacent region of extensive _____ union

synchondroses

The sacroiliac joint is a cartilaginous joint, labeled as cartilaginous _____

dorsal & ventral sacroiliac ligaments

What is the blue arrow pointing to?

sacrotuberous ligaments

What are the blue arrows pointing to?

reviewed

Review

coxae (hip) joint

Spheroidal joint formed between the lunate

surface of the acetabulum and the head of

the femur

ligament of the head of femur

What is 1?

transverse acetabular ligament

What is 2?

1. gluteal group

2. deep group

3. caudal group

4. medial group

What are the muscles groups that act primarily on the hip joint?

1. extensor group

2. flexor group

What are the muscle groups that act primarily on the stifle joint?

1. craniolateral group: flexor of tarsal joint & extensors of the digits

2. caudal group: extensors of tarsal joint & flexor of the digits

What are the muscle groups that act primarily on the tarsal and digital joints?

tensor fascia lata

What is this muscle, acting on the hip joint?

tuber coxae

Origin of the tensor fascia lata

fascia lata

Insertion of tensor fascia lata

tense the fascia lata, flex the coxal joint and extend the genual joint

Action of tensor fascia lata

superficial gluteal

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

sacrum & 1st caudal vertebra

Origin of superficial gluteal

third trochanter

Insertion of superficial gluteal

extend the coxal joint; abduct the

pelvic limb.

Action of superficial gluteal

superficial gluteal

What muscle is shown?

middle gluteal

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

gluteal surface of the ilium

Origin of middle gluteal

greater trochanter

Insertion of middle gluteal

extend the coxal joint; abduct and rotate the pelvic limb medially

Action of middle gluteal

middle gluteal

What muscle is shown?

piriformis

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

sacrum and 1st caudal vertebra

Origin of piriformis

greater trochanter

Insertion of piriformis

extend the coxal joint

Action of piriformis

deep gluteal

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

body of ilium and ischiatic spine

Origin of deep gluteal

greater trochanter

Insertion of deep gluteal

extend the coxal joint; abduct and rotate the pelvic limb medially

Action of deep gluteal

deep gluteal

What muscle is shown?

external obturator

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen

Origin of external obturator

trochanteric fossa

Insertion of external obturator

rotate the limb laterally at thecoxal joint

Action of external obturator

interna obturator

What muscle is shown, acting on the hip joint?

dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen

Origin on internal obturator

trochanteric fossa

Insertion of internal obturator

rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint

Action of internal obturator

gemelli

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

lateral aspect of ischium

Origin of gemelli

trochanteric fossa

Insertion of gemelli

rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint

Action of gemelli

quadratus femoris

What muscle is this, acting on the hip joint?

ventral aspect of ischium

Origin of quadratus femoris

near the trochanteric fossa

Insertion of quadratus femoris

extend coxal joint; rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint

Action of quadratus femoris

genual/stifle

This is the _____ joint

1. femoropatellar

2. femorotibial

3. proximal tibiofibular

The genual/stifle joint is comprised of what 3 joints?

hinge

The femoropatellar joint is a _____ joint

condylar

The femorotibial joint is a _____ joint

plane

The proximal tibiofibular joint is a _____ joint

reviewed

Review

genual/stifle joint

What is the largest synovial joint in the body?

1. lateral collateral ligament

2. medial collateral ligament

3. cranial cruciate ligament

4. caudal cruciate ligament

The genual/stifle joint consists of what 4 main ligaments?

femoropatellar

The _____ joint is associated with the patellar ligament and lateral & medial ligaments

infrapatellar body fat

Fatty body located

between the patellar lig

and the joint capsule

femorotibial

The _____ joint is associated with the cranial cruciate ligament and caudal cruciate ligament

caudal cruciate

The _____ ligament prevents:

-caudal displacement of the tibia against the femur

-lateral rotation of the joint

cranial cruciate

The _____ ligament prevents:

-cranial displacement of the tibia against the femur

-hyperextension of the genual joint-medial rotation of the joint

parapatellar fibrocartilage

What is 1?

infrapatellar body fat

What is 2?

cranial cruciate ligament

What is shown?

caudal cruciate ligament

What is shown?

meniscus

The femorotibial joint consists of 2 _____, lateral and medial

drawer sign/test in stifle joint

What can we do determine if there is a rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament?

extracapsular

The collateral ligaments and popliteal tendon are _____ structures

40

Only _____% of the weight of the body falls on the pelvic limb

synovial

Because the sacroiliac joint has a small _____ area, there is some mobility/flexibility

-fracture of the pubis & ischium

-sacroliliac luxation

What is abnormal here?

sacroiliac luxation - point where the pelvic limb transmits all the force toward the rest of the body

Which of these issues is more important? Why?

dorsal; plantar

In the tarsus, the angle is _____ and in the digits, the angle are _____

extension of coxal joint

Name the movement & associated joint

coxal joint

What is the name of the hip joint?

tensor fascia lata

superficial gluteal

middle gluteal

middle gluteal

Which gluteal muscle is the strongest?

extensor

The middle gluteal is a powerful [flexor/extensor] of the coxal joint

piriformis

extensor

Piriformis is a(n) [extensor/flexor]

deep gluteal

extensor

The deep gluteal is a [flexor/extensor]

genual/stifle joint

What is the name for the "knee" joint?

cranial

If the cruciate ligament is attached cranial in the tibia, it is the _____ cruciate ligament

caudal

If the cruciate ligament is attached caudal in the tibia, close to the popliteal area, is it the _____ cruciate ligament

hyaline

_____ cartilage covers the trochlea and condyles of the femur

fibro

_____ cartilage surrounds the patella

infrapatellar body fat

What serves as a cushion cranial to the genual joint, ventral to the patella?

for strength

Why are the striations of the cruciate ligament "twisted"?

laterally

The cranial cruciate ligament is normally facing [medially/laterally]

medially

The caudal cruciate ligament is normally facing [medially/laterally]

tibia

Are the menisci (mainly) attached to the tibia or the femur?

genual

The capsule in the _____ joint is the larger synovial capsule out of all other joints in the body