TRS5 Lecture Vocabulary

Extensive vocabulary list including definitions for academic, business, environmental, and medical terms as presented in the lecture notes.

gesture

A movement of part of the body, especially a hand or the head, to express an idea or meaning.

enable

To give someone or something the authority or means to do something; to make possible.

myth

A widely held but false belief or idea.

ensure

To make certain that something shall occur or be the case.

means

A method, instrument, or way of achieving or doing something.

input

What is put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system.

inferior

Lower in rank, status, or quality compared to others.

nonsense

Spoken or written words that have no meaning or make no sense.

facilitate

To make an action or process easy or easier.

subtle

So delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe.

comparative

Measured or judged by estimating the similarity or difference between two or more things.

cues

Signals or signals that serve as a hint, guide, or suggestion.

systematic

Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical.

prior to

Existing or happening before a particular time or event.

cognition

The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

universal

Of, affecting, or done by all people or things in the world or in a particular group.

distinction

A difference or contrast between similar things or people.

mainstream

The ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional.

evolve

To develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form.

adherents

Someone who supports a particular party, person, or set of ideas.

quip

To make a witty or sarcastic remark.

arbitrary

Based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.

blur

To make or become unclear or less distinct; something that cannot be seen or heard clearly.

sweeping

Wide-ranging or large in scope; extending or performed in a long, continuous curve.

imply

To strongly suggest the truth or existence of something not expressly stated.

innate

Inborn; natural; a quality or ability one is born with.

complexity

The state or quality of being intricate or complicated.

empirical

Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.

classification

The action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.

iffy

Full of uncertainty; doubtful or questionable.

stem from

To originate in or be caused by something.

cognitive

Relating to the mental processes of perception, memory, judgment, and reasoning.

grasp

A person's understanding of a subject or situation.

constraints

Limitations or restrictions that control what you can do.

isolation

The process or fact of isolating or being isolated; being alone or separate.

alternate

To occur in turn repeatedly; to take turns.

boundary

A line that marks the limits of an area; a dividing line.

substandard

Below the usual or required standard or level of quality.

presume

To suppose that something is the case on the basis of probability.

competence

The ability to do something successfully or efficiently.

complementary

Combining in such a way as to enhance or emphasize the qualities of each other.

taboo

Prohibited or restricted by social custom or religious belief.

cavity

An empty space within a solid object, in particular the human body or a tooth.

convey

To make an idea, impression, or feeling known or understandable to someone.

physiological

Relating to the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

utterance

A spoken word, statement, or vocal sound.

concede

To admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it.

restriction

A limiting condition or measure, especially a legal one.

intersection

A point or line common to two or more lines or surfaces; a crossing of two roads.

constrict

To make narrower, especially by binding or squeezing.

conduct

To organize and carry out a particular task or activity.

string together

To combine separate items into a unified whole or sequence.

measurable

Able to be measured; large or important enough to be noticed.

diversity

The state of being diverse; a range of different things or variety.

vibrate

To move or cause to move continuously and rapidly to and fro.

perception

The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses; a way of understanding or interpreting something.

expectations

Strong beliefs that something will happen or be the case in the future.

superiority

The state of being superior; being better or higher in rank than others.

apparent

Clearly visible or understood; obvious.

defect

A shortcoming, imperfection, or lack.

punctuality

The characteristic of being able to complete a required task or fulfill an obligation before or at a previously designated time.

collapse

A sudden fall or failure of an institution, organization, or person.

dimensions

Measurable extents of some kind, such as length, breadth, depth, or height; different facets of a situation.

perspective

A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

bring about

To cause something to happen.

underlying

Significant as a cause or basis of something but not necessarily manifest or obvious.

repercussions

Unintended consequences occurring after an event or action, especially unwelcome ones.

feminine

Having qualities or appearance traditionally associated with women.

violation

The action of violating someone or something; breaking a law or agreement.

sexist

Characterized by or showing prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination, typically against women, on the basis of sex.

masculine

Having qualities or appearance traditionally associated with men.

implications

The conclusion that can be drawn from something although it is not explicitly stated.

tendency

An inclination toward a particular characteristic or type of behavior.

primary

Of chief importance; principal.

trait

A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

substantial

Of considerable importance, size, or worth.

stereotypes

Widely held but fixed and oversimplified images or ideas of a particular type of person or thing.

promote

To further the progress of something; to support or encourage.

tough

Strong enough to withstand adverse conditions or rough or careless handling; difficult.

initiatives

The power or opportunity to act or take charge before others do; new plans or strategies.

derive

To obtain something from a specified source.

single-minded

Having or concentrating on only one aim or purpose.

uncertainty

The state of being uncertain; doubt.

stability

The state of being stable; resistance to change or failure.

supplier

A person or organization that provides something, such as a product or service.

aversion

A strong dislike or disinclination.

inclusive

Including or covering all the services, facilities, or items normally expected; including diverse groups of people.

innovative

Featuring new methods; advanced and original.

commitment

The state or quality of being dedicated to a cause, activity, etc.

ambiguity

The quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness.

turnover

The rate at which employees leave a workforce and are replaced.

bureaucracy

A system of government or business in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives; often associated with complex rules.

consumption

The using up of a resource.

strict

Demanding that rules concerning behavior are obeyed and observed.

reputations

The beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something.

destiny

The events that will necessarily happen to a particular person or thing in the future.

dedicated

Devoted to a task or purpose; having single-minded loyalty or integrity.

optimism

Hopefulness and confidence about the future or the successful outcome of something.

ultimately

Finally; in the end.

pessimistic

Tending to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.