What struggles has Palestine dealt with when trying to create a two-state solution?
violent attacks from illegal Israeli settlers, death and injuries at protests, and the frequent destruction of homes and infrastructure
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Where is the South China Sea?
Southeast Asia
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What is the purpose of UNCLOS?
To lay down a comprehensive regime of law and order in the world's oceans and seas establish rules governing all uses of the oceans and their resources
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when was UNCLOS established?
1982
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What are the US’ interests in the SCS?
(1) Economic interests tied to the sea-lanes; (2) Defense ties with allies and other security partners; and (3) Implications for the global balance of power and influence.
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Moderator
Someone who presides over an assembly, meeting, or discussion
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Placard
Piece of cardstock with a country’s name on it, raised in the air to signal the wish to speak
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Roll call
The first order of business in a Model UN committee, when a delegate’s country name is called
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Nation
A group of people that have a shared identity that often consists of a common language, culture, and history
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Veto
Ability of the permanent 5’s to prevent a draft resolution in the Security Council from passing
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Multipolar
Power is diffused among many different states where all players have fairly equal influence and can act independently
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NGO (Non-governmental Organization)
Nonprofit voluntary organisation that advocates or otherwise pursues the public good
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Agenda
The order in which the issues before a committee will be discussed
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Soverignty
Status enjoyed by states; means that the government has the right to act independently without outside intervention
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Draft Resolution
A document that seeks to fix the problems addressed by a Model UN committee
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Bloc
Group of countries, a similar geographical region or with a similar opinion on a particular topic
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IGO (Inter-governmental Organization)
Established by states, usually through a treaty, to address problems that affect the stability and well-being of IR
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Speakers’ List
Determines the order in which delegates will speak
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Working Paper
A document in which the ideas of some delegates on how to resolve an issue are proposed
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Operative Clause
Resolution part which describes how the UN will address a problem, begins with an action verb
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Resolution
A document that has been passed by the UN, addresses a problem or issue, UN equivalent of a law
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Binding
Having legal force in UN member states
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Right of Reply
Right to speak to a previous speaker’s comment
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Unmoderated Caucus
Frequently used to sort countries into blocs and to write working papers and draft resolutions
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Chair
Member of the dais that moderates debate and enforces the rules of procedure
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Delegate
A student acting as a representative of a member state or observer in a Model UN committee
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Decorum
The order and respect for others that all delegates at a Model UN conference must exhibit
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Signatory
Country wishes a draft resolution to be on the floor, signs draft resolution to accomplish this
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Dias
The group of people, usually high school or college students, in charge of Model UN committee
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Amendment
A change to a draft resolution on the floor. Can be of two types
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Delegation
The entire group of people representing a member state or observer in all committees at a MUN
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MNE (Multinational Enterprise)
For-profit companies whose business interests span more than one state
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State
A political unit that has sovereignty over an area of territory and the people within it
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Preambulatory Clause
Resolution part that described previous actions taken, begins with an adjective
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Security Council
Has 5 permanent members and 10 non nonpermanent members 2-year terms and charged with maintaining peace
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Point
A request raised by a delegate for information or for an action relating to that delegate
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Simple Majority
50% plus one of the number of delegates in a committee. The amount needed to pass most votes
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Motion
A request made by a delegate that the committee as a whole do something
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Sponsor
One of the writers of a draft resolution
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Balance of Power
Concept in IR where countries will form alliances in such a manner as to create equilibrium of power
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Observer
A state, national/regional/non-governmental organisation not a UN member but participates
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Bipolar
Where there are two great powers, and every other state in the world pretty much aligns with one or the other
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Moderated Caucus
Chair calls people one at a time to speak for a short period of time to discuss a specific topic
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Voting Bloc
End of committee session which delegates vote on proposed amendments and draft resolutions
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Hegemony
The dominance of one group over another
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Gavel
Tool, shaped like a small wooden hammer that the Chair uses to keep order within MUN communities
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Balfour Declaration
Document expressing the British government's support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine (1917)
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EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone)
200 nautical miles of the sea which a sovern state has special rights to
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Member States
A state that is a member of an international organization or of a federation or confederation
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Flow of Debate
The order in which events proceed during a Model UN conference
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Position Paper
A paper that helps delegates to organize their ideas and aid in formatting and representing a country's policy
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Zionism
A movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine
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What year was the UN formed?
1945
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What is the role of the UN?
Provides a forum for the negotiation and creation of human rights treaties
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What are the 6 organs of the UN?
General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, Secretariat
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What is the aim of the UN?
To preserve world peace by removing causes of conflict and encouraging economic, social,educational and cultural progress throughout the world
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What is the UN charter?
A charter that sets out the rights and obligations of Member States and establishes the principal organs and procedures of the United Nations
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What is the purpose of the UN charter?
To maintain international peace and security
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Who are the five permanent members in the UN?
China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States
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What is the role of the General Assembly?
To make laws; the legislative assembly
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Why do states become independent?
Because if they are deprived of their independence they no longer deserve to be regarded other than as a slave in the eyes of civilized world
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Types of IGOs
European Union, the African Union, the League of Arab States,the IMF, ASEAN and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
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What is the purpose of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
To outline the rights and freedoms everyone is entitled to.
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Why was the Balfour Declaration made?
The British hoped that the declaration would rally Jewish opinion, especially in the United States, to the side of the Allied Powers
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How did the 1920s and 1930s impact the zionist movement?
The 1920s brought anti-zionist movements and generally increased tension between zionist leaders
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How did the UN first handle Palestine?
the UN proposed terminating the Mandate and partitioning Palestine into two independent States, one Palestinian Arab and the other Jewish, with Jerusalem internationalized
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What types of unity and division emerged in the Middle East after Israel declared its independence?
Fighting intensified with Palestine and Israel (division) alongisde more Arab forces joining the Palestinian Arabs
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Which Middle Eastern Countries formally recognize Israel?
the United Arab Emirates (2020), Bahrain (2020), Sudan (2021), and Morocco (1948)
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