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74 Terms

1

Which heart chamber receives blood from the lungs?

left atrium

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2

What superficial landmark identifies the boundary between the left and right ventricles?

anterior interventricular sulcus

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3

The function of the atrium is to

collect blood and pump blood to the ventricle.

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4

The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in

the sinoatrial node.

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5
<p><span>What occurs at "B" on the graph?</span></p>

What occurs at "B" on the graph?

semilunar valve closes

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6

Define heart failure. (Module 18.16A)

Heart failure is a condition where the heart can no longer meet the oxygen and nutrient demands of peripheral tissues.

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7

The right ventricle pumps blood to the

right and left lungs

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8

Which part of the conduction system initiates the depolarizing impulse, which spreads throughout the heart?

SA node

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9

What does the ECG wave tracing represent?

electrical activity in the heart

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10

What does the QRS complex represent in the ECG wave tracing?

ventricular depolarization

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11

Contraction of the atria results from which wave of depolarization on the ECG tracing?

P wave

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12

Which part of the intrinsic conduction system delays the impulse briefly before it moves on to the ventricles?

AV node

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13

The T wave on an ECG tracing represents

ventricular repolarization

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14

A slower-than-normal heart rate is called

bradycardia.

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15

Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle? (Module 18.11A)

Tetany does not occur because cardiac muscle has a long refractory period that continues until relaxation is well under way so summation cannot occur, and thus tetany cannot occur.

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16

Give the alternate terms for heart contraction and heart relaxation. (Module 18.9B)

The alternate term for heart contraction is systole and the alternate term for heart relaxation is diastole.

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17

Define cardiac cycle. (Module 18.9A)

Cardiac cycle is the period between the start of one heartbeat and the beginning of the next.

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18

Blood is supplied to the myocardium by

the coronary arteries.

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19

The ________ deliver(s) blood to the myocardium.

right coronary artery and left coronary artery

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20

The heart is actually (one, two, or three) pumps?

two pumps

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21

Which chamber receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae?

right atrium

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22

Which heart chamber receives blood from the pulmonary veins?

left atrium

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23

Which heart chamber pumps oxygen-poor blood out the pulmonary trunk?

right ventricle

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24

Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood out the aorta to the systemic circuit?

left ventricle

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25

The ________ has a greater workload than the ________.

left ventricle; right ventricle

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26

The first heart sound ("lubb") is associated with

closing of the mitral valve.

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27

The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

lungs.

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28

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backward flow into the

right ventricle.

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29

The ________ separate(s) the two ventricles.

interventricular septum

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30

Identify the most muscular chamber.

Left ventricle

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31

Name the inner lining of the heart.

Endocardium

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32

Identify the valve found between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

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33

What heart chamber pushes blood through the aortic semilunar valve?

Left ventricle

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34

Name the irregular ridges of muscle lining the ventricles that are not indirectly connected to the atrioventricular valves.

Trabeculae carneae

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35

What fibrous structure functions to anchor the atrioventricular valves in a closed position?

Chordae tendineae

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36

Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed.

True

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37

At a heart rate of 60 beats/minute, a cardiac cycle lasts

1 second.

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38

________ is to contraction as ________ is to relaxation.

Systole; diastole

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39

Name the ridged bundles of muscle found projecting inside the right atrium.

Pectinate muscles

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40

Identify the right atrioventricular valve.

Tricuspid valve

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41

Identfiy the valve located at the exit of the right ventricle.

Pulmonary semilunar valve

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42

The moderator band is found on both the right and left side of the heart.

False

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43

Oxygenated blood flows through the right side of the heart.

False

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44

The portion of the tracing of an electrocardiogram, ECG, that represents ventricular depolarization is the __________.

QRS complex

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45

What is the function of the coronary circulation?

Provide a blood supply to the heart

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46

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

A remnant of the ductus arteriosus

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47

Which chamber of the heart exits into the pulmonary trunk?

Right ventricle

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48

Identify the ear like flaps that are attached to the top chambers of the heart.

Auricle

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49

The first branch off the arch of the aorta is the brachiocephalic artery in both the sheep and the human.

True

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50

The base of the heart is located at the bottom of the heart.

False

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51

List the phases of the cardiac cycle. (Module 18.10A)

atrial systole, atrial diastole, ventricular systole, ventricular diastole

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52

The pulmonary veins carry blood to the

heart.

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53

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the partial or complete blockage of the coronary arteries that causes coronary ischemia?

a stent

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54

The left ventricle pumps blood to the

aorta.

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55

Name the four chambers of the heart. (Module 18.1C)

left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle

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56

A faster-than-normal heart rate is called

tachycardia

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57

The superior portion of the heart where major blood vessels enter and exit is the

base.

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58

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the

left atrium.

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59

Define autorhythmicity. (Module 18.12A)

Autorhythmicity is the ability of the heart to contract without neural or hormonal stimulation.

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60

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the

right atrium.

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61

Which part of the intrinsic conduction system normally initiates the depolarizing impulse that causes a heartbeat?

SA node

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62

Which of these structures conduct(s) action potentials the slowest?

AV node

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63

Why is ventricular fibrillation fatal? (Module 18.13C)

Ventricular fibrillation is fatal because the ventricles quiver and do not pump blood to the systemic circulation.

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64

Which pathology is described as a thickening and toughening of arterial walls?

arteriosclerosis

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65

The inferior point of the heart is called the

apex.

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66

Coronary veins empty into the

right atrium.

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67

The ________ valve prevents backward flow into the left atrium.

bicuspid

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68
<p><span>What occurs at "A" on the graph?</span></p>

What occurs at "A" on the graph?

aortic semilunar valve opens

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69

The heart beats approximately ________ times each day.

100,000

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70

There are ________ pulmonary veins

4

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71

Compared to the right ventricle, the left ventricle has all the following characteristics except that it

pumps a greater volume.

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72

The heart pumps approximately ________ milliliters of blood each minute

6,000

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73

________ is to slow heart rate as ________ is to fast heart rate.

Bradycardia; tachycardia

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74

The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries.

coronary

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