Effective Communication Terminology

A complete vocabulary review set based on the lecture notes on effective communication, covering models, intent, structure, non-verbal cues, and cultural context.

Communication

A dynamic process of exchanging information and meaning through verbal, non-verbal, visual, or audio-visual forms.

Communicare

Latin term meaning "to make common" or "to share."

Effective Communication

Understanding, engaging, and expressing ideas clearly, appropriately, respectfully, and ethically.

Frame of Reference

Knowledge, experiences, values, attitudes, and goals that influence how a person interprets a message.

Interference/Noise

Anything that disrupts or affects the communication process.

Linear Communication Model

One-way communication focused on transmitting a message from sender to receiver.

Shannon-Weaver Model

Linear communication model that emphasizes the transmission of information and the presence of noise.

Interactive Communication Model

Two-way communication in which participants exchange messages and provide feedback.

Schramm and Wood Model

Interactive model emphasizing feedback and the influence of physical, psychological, cultural, and personal contexts.

Transactional Communication Model

Continuous and dynamic communication in which participants simultaneously function as senders and receivers.

Barnlund Model

Transactional model emphasizing continuous exchange and shared meaning.

Main Message

Central idea or primary thought that the communicator wants to convey.

Implied Message

Meaning that is suggested rather than directly stated.

Explicit Bias

Conscious or recognized bias.

Implicit Bias

Unconscious bias that can influence attitudes, decisions, or behavior.

Tone

Attitude or emotional stance conveyed by the communicator.

Intent

Purpose or goal behind a communication.

Manipulative Intent

Purpose of influencing or controlling others through misleading or deceptive communication.

Audience Awareness

Understanding the characteristics, needs, expectations, knowledge, and relationship of the intended audience.

Register

Level and style of language appropriate to a particular situation.

Jargon

Specialized terminology associated with a particular group, profession, or field.

Coherence

Logical connection and consistency among ideas.

Cohesion

Use of linguistic connections that link parts of a text.

Politeness Markers

Words or expressions used to communicate respectfully and considerately.

Inclusive Language

Language that avoids exclusion, discrimination, or unnecessary stereotyping.

Topic Nomination

Introduction or proposal of a topic for discussion.

Back-Channeling

Verbal or non-verbal responses that signal attention, understanding, interest, or encouragement without interrupting the speaker.

Paralanguage

Vocal characteristics accompanying spoken words.

Intonation

Variation in pitch used to convey meaning, emotion, or attitude.

Structured Narrative

Organized account of events, experiences, observations, or ideas arranged in a logical sequence.

Intrapersonal Communication

Communication that occurs within oneself.

Interpersonal Communication

Communication occurring between or among individuals.

Social Media Analysis

Examination of a digital message based on its content, audience, tone, purpose, assumptions, and communication strategies.

Cultural Sensitivity

Respectful communication with people from diverse cultural backgrounds.

Communicative Competence

Ability to communicate effectively and appropriately across different situations, audiences, and contexts.