Cell Division and Transport Mechanisms in Biology

What is meiosis?

A process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information, occurring in gamete cells (egg and sperm cells).

What is mitosis?

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells, each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

What is a hypertonic solution?

A solution with a greater concentration of solutes outside of a cell compared to the inside, leading to water leaving the cell.

What is a hypotonic solution?

An external solution with a low solute concentration and high water concentration compared to body fluids, causing a net movement of water into the body.

What is diffusion?

The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration down the concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached.

What is facilitated diffusion?

The transport of substances across a biological membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the help of a transport molecule, such as a protein.