booklet 1

1. Definition of Health

is the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

2. Dynamic Health

reflects the continuous changes in health status, evolving positively or negatively over time.

3. Leading Causes of Death for Males in Australia

1. Coronary heart disease 2. Dementia 3. Lung cancer.

4. Leading Causes of Death for Females in Australia

1. Dementia 2. Coronary heart disease 3. Cerebrovascular disease.

5. Australia’s Life Expectancy

Australia has the 6th highest life expectancy in the world.

6. Smoking Rates in Australia

Australia has the 8th lowest smoking rates globally.

7. Obesity Rates in Australia

Australia ranks 8th highest for obesity rates worldwide.

8. Health Continuum Scale

ranges from disease to high-level wellness.

9. Physical Health

relates to the condition and functioning of the body.

10. Social Health

involves the ability to form positive relationships and interact cooperatively with others.

11. Mental/Cognitive Health

refers to the capacity to adapt to change and cope with stress and adversity.

12. Emotional Health

involves the ability to express and regulate emotions appropriately.

13. Spiritual Health

relates to finding meaning and purpose in life and feeling connected to others.

14. Circumstances Affecting Health - Socioeconomic Status

can influence access to resources and overall health outcomes.

15. Circumstances Affecting Health - Geographic Location

can determine accessibility to healthcare services and resources.

16. Circumstances Affecting Health - Cultural Background

influences health behaviors and attitudes towards healthcare.

17. Circumstances Affecting Health - Gender

can impact health outcomes due to biological and sociocultural factors.

18. Circumstances Affecting Health - Age

affects health risks and prevalence of certain diseases throughout life stages.

19. Circumstances Affecting Health - Level of Education

usually correlates with better health literacy and health outcomes.

20. Circumstances Affecting Health - Community Values

Community values and expectations shape health behaviors and access to resources.

21. Epidemiology Definition

is the study of how often diseases occur in different populations and why.

22. Purpose of Epidemiology

helps assess health status and identify patterns in populations.

23. Prevalence Definition

refers to the total number of cases of a disease in a population at a specific time.

24. Incidence Definition

is the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period.

25. Distribution in Epidemiology

examines the spread of disease cases across different populations.

26. Apparent Causes in Epidemiology

assess determinants and indicators affecting health outcomes.

27. Common Statistics in Epidemiology

uses statistics on births, deaths, disease incidence, and healthcare use.

28. PIMMI in Epidemiology

includes measures such as mortality, infant mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence.

29. Mortality Definition

is the number of deaths within a specific population over a defined time period.

30. Infant Mortality Definition

measures the number of infant deaths in the first year per 100 live births.

31. Morbidity Definition

indicates the extent of ill health within a specific population.

32. Social Justice Principles - Participation

includes involving diverse opinions, such as those from Aboriginal organizations.

33. Social Justice Principles - Equity

involves actions to address health inequalities and promote health fairness.

34. Social Justice Principles - Access

emphasizes the importance of obtaining basic necessities like healthcare and clean water.

35. Social Justice Principles - Rights

ensure that all individuals have basic human rights, including access to health services.

36. Determinants of Health - Socioeconomic Factors

encompass income, education, and occupation impacting health.

37. Determinants of Health - Health Behaviors

include actions that individuals take that affect their health positively or negatively.

38. Determinants of Health - Environmental Factors

include pollution, housing quality, and access to recreational spaces.

39. Determinants of Health - Broad Features of Society

encompass culture, social cohesion, and political structures affecting health.

40. Determinants of Health - Biomedical Factors

include genetics and physiological measures influencing health risks.

41. Cultural Influence on Health

can significantly shape dietary choices and health-seeking behaviors.

42. Affluence and Health

refers to financial resources available for healthcare, impacting overall health outcomes.

43. Social Cohesion and Health

fosters community support, which can enhance mental well-being.

44. Social Inclusion's Importance

ensures equitable access to healthcare resources and opportunities.

45. Political Structures' Influence

can determine the accessibility and quality of healthcare services.

46. Media's Role in Health Perception

shapes public views on health issues and can influence behaviors and policies.

47. Language Barriers in Healthcare

can hinder access to healthcare services and impede communication.

48. Inequities and Health

often lead to disadvantages for marginalized populations.

49. Youth Inequalities

health outcomes are particularly pronounced among younger age groups.

50. Socioeconomic Status and Education

are often linked to socioeconomic status and health literacy.

51. Nutrition's Impact on Health

significantly influences overall health and the risk of chronic diseases.

52. Physical Activity and Health

is crucial for maintaining health and preventing illnesses.

53. Protective Health Behaviors

include non-smoking and responsible alcohol consumption.

54. Risky Health Behaviors

encompass smoking, poor nutrition, and sedentarism.

55. Genetics and Disease Risk

predispose individuals to certain health conditions or diseases.

56. High Blood Pressure Risks

is linked to serious health conditions, including heart disease.

57. Cholesterol Level Concerns

can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease.

58. Access to Healthcare Services

is crucial for early disease detection and health maintenance.

59. Community Health Services

services play a vital role in providing essential health support and education.

60. Mental Health Awareness

is essential for reducing stigma and improving access to care.