PY 131 Conceptual Academy Chapter 22

To teach electricity, Paul makes use of

information learned in previous lessons.

Paul states that the importance of learning the connections in nature has to do with

forming connections inside your developing brain.

Volts and amperes are

like m/s and newtons, units of measurement in electricity.

The subatomic particles that have the greatest tendency to come and go are the

electrons.

To become a sodium ion, the sodium atom loses

an electron.

According to the conservation of charge principle the total number of electrons

always remains the same.

Electric force is similar to gravitational force, and dissimilar in that it

attracts as well as repels.

The fundamental rule of electricity has to do with

the attraction and repulsion between electric charges.

In Coulomb's law, the symbol k represents

the electric constant.

Elements toward the left side of the periodic table are the

metals.

According to this video, a transistor makes use of the properties of

semi-conductors.

Electrons can easily flow through

metals.

Rising atmospheric water vapor tends to pick up electrons from

ice crystals.

As an insulating material beomes polarized, what flips?

Molecules

When it comes to charge polarization,

closeness wins.

An electric field is actually a

force field.

An electric field, as noted by Paul's construction of field lines between opposite charges is

a vector quantity.

The magnitude of electric field inside a metal dome

is zero.

Electric potential is electric potential energy

per unit of charge.

When work is done on an electric charge,

energy increases.

Lil is not harmed by the van de Graaff generator because

of a small amount of energy.

Most atoms normally have a net charge that is

zero.

When we say charge is conserved, we mainly mean that charge can be

transferred without loss like money in a bank.

Coulomb's law is most similar to which of these laws?

Newton's law of gravity.

Electric charge can be transferred from one conducting body to another

by both contact and closeness.

The net charge on a polarized molecule is normally

zero

An electric field is basically

a vector quantity.

Electric potential, unlike electric potential energy, is measured in units of

volts

A highly-charged party balloon is not dangerous when it

contains little overall energy.

As two charged particles move toward each other, the force on each particle increases. What does this tell you about the charged particles?

They have opposite signs.

Light from a pair of closely-spaced stars does not produce an interference pattern due to

incoherence.

Particle X has double the charge of nearby particle Y. Compared to the force on Particle X, the force on Particle Y is

the same.

Name the force that holds atoms together in molecules.

The electrical force

What does it mean to say that electric charge is conserved?

The net charge has been increased or decreased.

If an atom is electrically neutral, what is true about the subatomic particles?

The number of electrons and protons are the same.

Two charges 1 meter apart exert a force on each other of 1 newton. What would be the force if you were to push them to 0.25 meters apart?

16 N.

What happens to the charge of a comb as it grabs electrons from your hair?

The comb becomes negatively charged.

What happens to the number of electrons in a capacitor as it is charged?

The number remains unchanged.

Two charged particles in close proximity cause each other to move. As the particles move, the acceleration of each decreases. What does this tell you about the particles?

They have the same sign.

A kids balloon may have a high voltage. Why is this not dangerous?

None of these choices are correct.

A rubber party balloon is charged to thousands of volts. But this balloon will have only a small amount of what?

Charge and energy.

What happens to a pith ball hanging by a nylon string as a negatively charged rod is brought close to it?

The pith ball becomes polarized.

Two charges attract each other. If one charge is doubled along with the distance between them, what is the resulting force?

F/2.

An electron is pushed into an electric field where it acquires a 1-V electrical potential. If two electrons are pushed the same distance into the same electric field, the electrical potential of the two electrons is. An electron within an electric field is pulled up to a position of 1 volt. If a second electron is pulled upward to this same position, what is the voltage?

1 V.

What does it mean to say the electric charge is conserved?

The charge can be neither created nor destroyed.

A 2 coulomb charge experiences a force of 60 newtons. The electric field at its location is

30 N/C

It takes you 10 joules of work to pull one coulomb of charge away from an electric field. What is the voltage of that charge in its new position?

10 V.

A building gets struck by lightning. It would be a worst case scenario if the building's frame was made of

wood

Two charged particles in close proximity cause each other to move with increasing velocity. What does this tell you about the charged particles?

\
**They have either the same or opposite signs.**

Two charges 1 meter apart exert a force on each other of 1 newton. What would be the force if the magnitude of each charge were doubled?

4 N

What is a coulomb unit of charge equal to?

a specific large number of electrons.

What happens to the electrical force beween two charges when the distance between them is halved?

The force quadruples.

When is the electric force between two charges the strongest?

When the charges are close together.

The force responsible for a chemical reaction is the

The electrical force

As lightning strikes a car, what is the electric field inside the car?

Zero.

What does it mean to say that a material is polarized electrically?

Its charges have been rearranged.

A balloon with a negative charge is held close to an aluminum can sitting on an insulated table. What happens to the overall charge of the can as you touch the opposite side?

The can becomes positively charged.

Why are electrons the charge carriers within a metal?

Because they are loosely bound.

What surrounds every proton in this universe?

An electric field and gravitational field.

A Van de Graaff dome is brought to 200,000 volts. You can touch this dome with minimal harm because with only a small amount charge, there is not much

energy.

What makes a positively charged ion positive?

The protons balance the electrons.

Why do we have lightning rods?

To discharge the structure to which it is attached.

Does an electric field have direction?

Yes, and by convention it points to a proton.

What does it mean to say that the charge of an object is quantized?

The charge is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron.

As described by the volt, electric potential is the ratio of what to what?

Electric energy to charge.

It takes you 10 joules of work to push one coulomb of charge into an electric field. You let go and the charge accerates back to the original position where it has a kinetic energy of

10 J.

What is the electric field inside a Van de Graaff generator's dome?

None of these is correct.

There is a gravitational attraction and an electric repulsion between two adjacent protons. Which is greater?

The electrical repulsion.

What does the electric force between to charges depend upon?

Charge magnitude and separation distance.

On one corner of a square is placed a charge, which gives an electric field of F/q at the center of the square. What then is the field at this center when identical charges are placed at all the other corners?

zero.

On one corner of a square is placed a charge, which gives an electric field of F/q at the center of the square. What then is the field at this center when identical charges are placed at the two adjacent corners?

F/q.

What determines the net charge on a capacitor?

None of these choices are correct -- the net charge is zero

The foil leaves of an electroscope are positively charged as they stand away from each other. What happens next as a negative charge is brought close to the head of the electroscope?

The foil leaves spread farther apart.

How strong is an electric field double the distance from an electron?

None of these choices are correct.

What happens to the charge of your hair as you comb it with a comb that becomes positively charged?

Your hair becomes negatively charged.

Within a given electric field, which experiences greater acceleration: an electron or a proton?

The electron

Two oppositely charged particles in close proximity cause each other to move. As the particles move, what happens to the force between them?

The force increases

Two charges 1 meter apart exert a force on each other of 1 newton. What would be the force if you were to pull them 3 meters apart?

0\.11 N.

What do electric forces experience that gravitational forces do not?

repulsive interaction.

Inside an uncharged aluminum hollow ball the electric field is zero. As the ball becomes negative, what happens to the field inside the ball?

The field remains zero.

What kind of charge does a balloon need to stick to a wooden ball?

Either a negative or positive charge.

What does an atom become when you strip away electrons?

A positive ion.

How do a proton and an electron interact?

They attract each other.