Systems - Health

What are some major structures of the muscular system?

Deltoids, biceps, quadriceps, calf muscles, abdominal muscles, and pectorals.

What is the main function of the muscular system?

To promote blood circulation and control your body during activities such as exercising and balancing.

What do the quadriceps do?

They work together to help you stand and balance.

Where are the quadriceps located?

At the top of your leg.

What do the biceps do?

They help bend your elbow and turn your forearm.

What is one preventative method for muscular system problems?

Resistance training or working out.

How does resistance training help?

It builds muscle fibers.

What are two common diseases of the muscular system?

Muscle dystrophy and myasthenia gravis.

What are some major structures of the skeletal system?

Skull, spine, rib cage, humerus, femur, and pelvis.

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

Supporting the body, protecting organs, allowing movement, storing minerals, and producing blood cells.

What does the skull do?

It protects the brain and supports the face.

What does the spine do?

It protects the spinal cord and supports the body.

What preventative method is listed for the skeletal system?

Regular exercise.

What does regular exercise help do for the skeletal system?

It strengthens bones and helps prevent internal injuries.

What are two common diseases of the skeletal system?

Osteoporosis and brittle bone disease.

What are some major structures of the lymphatic/immune system?

Adenoids, tonsils, lymph nodes, bone marrow, appendix, and spleen.

What is the main function of the immune system?

To protect the body from diseases and abnormal cells.

What do the adenoids do?

They trap and fight off germs.

What do the tonsils do?

They help the body fight infections and germs.

What preventative method is listed for the immune system?

Maintaining a nutritional diet.

What two diseases are listed for the lymphatic/immune system?

Type 2 diabetes and arthritis.

What are some major structures of the nervous system?

Brain, cerebellum, spinal cord, brachial plexus, ganglion, and nerves.

What is the main function of the nervous system?

To act as a communication service to the brain and as a control system for the body.

What does the brain do?

It receives signals, processes them, and sends out information.

What does the spinal cord do?

It transfers information to and from the brain and controls the body.

What preventative method is listed for the nervous system?

Slow, diaphragmatic breathing.

How does slow, diaphragmatic breathing help?

It activates the parasympathetic nervous system, which calms the body.

What are two common diseases of the nervous system?

Strokes and epilepsy.

What are some major structures of the circulatory system?

Left nasal cavity, veins, capillaries, blood cells, and heart.

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

To pump blood throughout the body and to the necessary places.

What does the left nasal cavity do?

It warms, humidifies, and filters incoming air.

What does the heart do?

It pumps blood throughout the body and mixes oxygen into the blood to be circulated.

What preventative method is listed for the circulatory system?

Eating a healthy diet.

What disease is listed for the circulatory system?

Heart disease.

What are some major structures of the digestive system?

Mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, and rectum.

What is the main function of the digestive system?

To break down food, absorb nutrients, and turn consumed food into waste.

What is the function of the mouth?

It is where the food you consume enters the body.

What does the stomach do?

It breaks down food into smaller pieces by mixing food with juices containing acids and enzymes.

What preventative method is listed for the digestive system?

A diet of fresh fruits and vegetables.

What can a diet of fresh fruits and vegetables help do?

Keep the stomach healthy and prevent diseases that can occur in the stomach.

What are two common diseases listed for the digestive system?

Colon cancer and liver cancer.

What are some major structures of the male reproductive system?

Penis, testicles, scrotum, epididymis, urinary bladder, and urethra.

What is the main function of the male reproductive system?

To produce, maintain, and transport sperm and semen.

What do the testicles produce?

Testosterone and sperm.

What does the urethra do?

It carries urine from the bladder to outside the body.

What preventative method is listed for the male reproductive system?

A barrier method, such as using condoms during sexual activity.

What does the listed barrier method help prevent?

STDs.

What are two common diseases listed for the male reproductive system?

Erectile dysfunction and testicular cancer.

What are some major structures of the female reproductive system?

Fallopian tubes, ovary, vagina, hymen, cervix, and uterus.

What is the main function of the female reproductive system?

To produce egg cells, enable fertilization, and support a developing fetus during pregnancy.

What do the fallopian tubes do?

They act as a passageway linking the uterus to the ovaries.

What is the function of the uterus?

It is the organ where a baby grows during pregnancy.

What preventative method is listed for the female reproductive system?

Birth control.

According to the worksheet, how does birth control prevent pregnancy?

By stopping fertilized eggs from attaching to the uterus.

What are two common diseases listed for the female reproductive system?

Endometriosis and uterine fibroids.

What are some major structures of the endocrine system?

Thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, pineal gland, pituitary gland, kidneys, pancreas, ovaries, and adrenal gland.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

To produce and release hormones into the bloodstream.

What does the thyroid gland do?

It produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolism.

What do the kidneys do according to the worksheet?

They filter wastes and water to create urine.

What preventative method is listed for the endocrine system?

Eating a healthy diet and limiting sugar.

What are two common diseases listed for the endocrine system?

Diabetes and strokes.

What are some major structures of the respiratory system?

Right lung, left lung, pharynx, nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchioles.

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

To bring oxygen into the system and remove carbon dioxide.

What do the bronchioles do?

They carry air into the lungs.

What does the nasal cavity do?

It filters the air we breathe in.

What preventative method is listed for the respiratory system?

Getting a flu shot.

What does the flu shot do according to the worksheet?

It gives your body medicine that protects you from sickness.

What are two common diseases of the respiratory system?

Asthma and pneumonia.

What are some major structures of the urinary system?

Renal veins, arteries, urethra, prostate, bladder, and kidneys.

What is the main function of the urinary system?

To provide a filtration system that gets rid of toxins from the body.

What does the bladder do?

It stores urine.

What do the kidneys do?

They filter blood, remove waste, and balance fluids in the body.

What preventative method is listed for the urinary system?

Drinking lots of water.

How does drinking water help the urinary system?

It keeps the urinary system active and helps it stay healthy.

What are two common diseases of the urinary system?

Kidney stones and urinary tract infections (UTIs).

What are some major structures of the integumentary system?

Hair shaft, sebaceous gland, hair matrix, hair papilla, hair bulb, and outer/inner root sheath.

What is the main function of the integumentary system?

To protect the skin and body from external harm.

What does the hair papilla do?

It feeds follicle cells with blood to trigger hair growth.

What is the primary growth center for producing the hair shaft?

The hair bulb.

What preventative method is listed for the integumentary system?

Wearing sunscreen.

What does sunscreen help protect against?

Sunburn and skin cancer.

What are two common diseases of the integumentary system?

Skin cancer and acne.

Which system produces and releases hormones?

Endocrine system.

Which system pumps blood throughout the body?

Circulatory system.

Which system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients?

Digestive system.

Which system protects the body from disease and abnormal cells?

Lymphatic/immune system.

Which system acts as the body's communication and control system?

Nervous system.

Which system brings oxygen in and removes carbon dioxide?

Respiratory system.

Which system filters waste and removes toxins?

Urinary system.

Which system supports and protects the body and produces blood cells?

Skeletal system.

Which system controls the body during exercise and balancing?

Muscular system.

Which system protects the skin and body from external harm?

Integumentary system.

Which system produces and transports sperm and semen?

Male reproductive system.

Which system produces egg cells and supports pregnancy?

Female reproductive system.