Physical Science Honors Test 12/22 Part 1

Atoms

The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically

Solids

A state of matter which exists in the sold state, it does not flow and holds it’s volume. Its molecules are tightly packed.

Liquid

A type of matter that is less rigid than a solid and more rigid than a gas. It flows and holds it’s volume. It also conforms to whatever container it is in

Gas

A fluid that has neither an independent shape of volume. It does flow and fills its space

Plasma

An ionized gas that has lots of movement and was put through extreme temperatures to reach flow state

KTM

All matter is made of small particles which have space between them and are always in random motion.

Heat

A form of energy that is transferred between two substances at different temperatures

Thermal Energy

The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles within a substance

Temperature

A measure of just the average kinetic particles within a substance

Energy Transfer

the movement of energy from one object to another, usually occurs during conduction, convention, and radiation

Specific Heat

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one Kelvin

Physical Change

A change in properties such as texture,shape or state, this change can be reversed

Chemical Change

When one chemical substance is transformed into one or more different substances

Density

The relationship between the mass of the substance and how much space it takes up ( D=m/v)

Density of Water

0g/mL

Boiling Point

The temperature of which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas (boiling) or from a gas to a liquid ( condensation)

Melting Point

The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

Viscosity

A fluids resistance to flow

Sublimation

When a solid phase changes directly into a gas and skips the liquid phase

Condensation

The process of a gas becoming a liquid, specifically a water vapor becoming water

Freezing Point

The temperature at which a substance transitions from a liquid to a solid

Evaporation

When a liquid turns into a gas through slow heating, not boiling

Deposition

When a gas changes directly from a gas to a solid, skipping the liquid phase

Vaporization

The process in which the liquid state changes into the vapor state through an increase of temperature that causes a form of boiling

Boiling

The rapid phase transition from liquid to gas or vapor

Melting

A process that causes a substance to change from a solid to a liquid

Solubility

The ability for a solid, liquid, or gas chemical substance to dissolve in a solvent and form a solution

Miscibility

The ability of a liquid to completely dissolve in another liquid solution

Flammablilty

The easy at which a material is ignited and the intensity of which it burns and the heat it releases once ignited

Reactivity

The ability of a substance to chemically interact with a second substance

Hardness

The resistance of a material to localized plastic deformation

Mallebablity

The ability to be pounded into sheets without breaking

Conductivity

A measure of a solution’s ability to conduct electricity

Ductility

The quality of something that can be shaped into something else without breaking