Benign Bone Tumors

what is the age that unicameral/simple bone cysts are seen in?

< 20 years

where are unicameral/simple bone cysts found?

centrally located in the diaphyseal/metaphyeal regions of long bones

what are the x-ray findings of unicameral/simple bone cysts?

fallen fragment sign, no bone expansion

what is the age that aneurysmal bone cyst seen in?

under 20

where are aneurysmal bone cysts located?

eccentrically located in the diaphyseal/mentaphyseal region

what is the x-ray finding of aneurysmal bone cyst?

blister on bone or finger in balloon appearance, has bone expansion

what is the age range that giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) is commonly seen?

20-40

where are giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) located?

epiphyseal/metaphyseal regions, most commonly in the knee

what is the x-ray appearance of giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma)?

soap bubble

giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) are quasi malignant what percent of the time?

20%

what age are chondroblastomas seen in?

less than 20, in epiphyseal/metaphyseal region

what is an endochondroma?

most common benign tumor of the hand

what is the x-ray findings of endocondroma?

stippled apperance

what are multiple endochondromas called?

ollier’s disease

what are multiple endochondromas + soft tissue calcification called?

maffucci’s syndrome

what is a hemangioma?

most common benign bone tumor of the spine

what causes hemangioma?

over proliferation of blood vessels

what are the x-ray findings associated with a hemangioma?

corduroy cloth or jail bar appearance

what age is fibrous dysplasia seen in?

8-14

what are the two forms of fibrous dysplasia?

monostotic and polystotic

what is monostotic fibrous dysplasia?

most common in proximal femur, x ray reveals rind sign

what is polystotic fibrous dysplasia?

present in more than 1 location

what is the x ray finding of fibrous dysplasia?

ground glass appearance

what do patients with fibrous dysplasia present with?

cafe au lait spots

what deformity can be caused by fibrous dysplasia?

saber shin tibia or sheppard’s crook deformity

what are the findings of neurofibromatosis?

vertebral body scalloping, IVF enlargement and cafe au lait spots

what age are osteoblastomas seen in?

10-30

what is an osteoblastoma?

most common benign bone tumor of nerual arch

what is an osteochondroma?

most common benign bone tumor of the appendicular skeleton

what are the 2 forms of osteochondroma?

pedunculated and sessile

what is a pedunculated osteochondroma?

coat hanger exostosis, cartilaginous cap, cauliflower like

what is a sessile osteochondroma?

broad bases exostosis

what does a patient with an osteoid osteoma present with?

night pain thats relieved by aspirin

what are the x ray findings of osteoid osteoma?

radiolucent central nidus with severe reactive sclerosis

what is an osteoma?

most common benign tumor of the skull commonly in the frontal sinus