Grade 8 EMS - Standard of Living, Rural vs Urban, Waste, and Unemployment

Flashcards covering key definitions and concepts for Grade 8 Economic and Management Sciences (EMS) including standard of living, geographical societies, waste management, and unemployment.

__________ refers to the quality of life of people in a community or country.

Standard of living

Standard of living is measured by how well __________ are met and the level of goods and services people can access.

basic needs

A high standard of living means people have access to good housing, clean water, and __________, quality healthcare, and education.

sanitation

A(n) __________ is an area outside towns and cities where people mainly depend on farming and natural resources.

Rural area

A(n) __________ is a developed town or city where people have better access to services, infrastructure and employment opportunities.

Urban area

Employment in a rural society is mainly focused on __________ and agriculture.

farming

Urban areas are __________ populated with many people, whereas fewer people live in rural areas.

densely

In addition to food and shelter, basic needs include clothing, healthcare, education, sanitation, and __________.

Safety and security

__________ is unwanted solid material that people throw away.

Solid waste

Examples of solid waste include plastic bottles, food scraps, paper, glass, __________, and old furniture.

metal cans

Solid waste causes pollution and attracts pests such as __________ and flies.

rats

__________ occurs when people who are willing and able to work cannot find jobs.

Unemployment

The __________ is the percentage of people in the labour force who are unemployed.

unemployment rate

The formula for the Unemployment Rate is $\frac{\text{Number of unemployed people}}{\text{Labour force}} \times 100$.

Unemployment Rate

Because of unemployment in rural societies, more people move to __________ looking for jobs.

cities

One negative result of unemployment in rural communities is they become dependent on __________.

government grants