Substance-Related and Addiction Disorders

These flashcards cover key concepts related to substance-related and addiction disorders, including definitions, symptoms, treatment options, and the role of nurses.

What is the primary focus of the learning objectives for substance-related and addiction disorders?

To describe the impact on overall health, explore risk factors, differentiate clinical presentations, and apply nursing processes.

What are substance-related and addiction disorders commonly associated with?

Addiction, substances and behaviors, overdose, and mental health issues.

Which age group is at the highest risk for substance use throughout the lifespan?

Adolescents.

What mental health conditions are often self-medicated by substance use?

Depression and anxiety.

What brain structure is involved in the reward pathway for addiction?

Limbic system.

Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of euphoria in the reward pathway?

Dopamine.

What are some protective factors against addiction?

Positive family support, caregiver involvement, positive relationships, employment, and community resources.

What are common comorbidities associated with substance-related disorders?

Heart disease, stroke, dental issues, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and mental illness.

What are symptoms of alcohol use?

Mood changes, inability to coordinate movement, and slurring words.

What is a severe potential consequence of alcohol withdrawal known as?

Delirium tremens (DTs).

What are the safety concerns related to opioid use?

Dangerous decrease of heart rate and breathing, coma, and death when used with alcohol.

What is a common symptom of opioid withdrawal?

Restlessness, muscle pain, leg movements, and insomnia.

What is a notable symptom of stimulant use?

Euphoria, increased alertness, and energy.

What symptoms can indicate sedative use?

Decreased anxiety, drowsiness, slurred speech, and confusion.

What changes may indicate substance use?

Changes in mood, peer group, weight or sleeping habits, and decline in performance.

When do manifestations of alcohol withdrawal typically develop?

4 to 6 hours after the last drink.

What role do nurses play in the prevention of substance-related disorders?

Addressing risk factors and promoting protective factors through education.

What medications may be used for alcohol withdrawal management?

Benzodiazepines or barbiturates, antiepileptics, and thiamine.

What is an important component of treatment settings for substance-related disorders?

Outpatient treatment, inpatient treatment, and residential treatment options.

What might happen to a health care professional who is impaired?

Drug diversion, stress and job burnout, and potential discipline from the state board of nursing.