Lesson 7: Global South and Global North

North-South Divide

A contemporary political and socio-economic division between the wealthier, developed Global North and the poorer, less developed Global South.

Global North

Includes the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Asia. It is generally associated with economic development, stability, and industrialization.

North-South Divide

A contemporary political and socio-economic division between the wealthier, developed Global North and the poorer, less developed Global South.

Global North

Includes the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Asia. It is generally associated with economic development, stability, and industrialization.

Global South

A term used to describe regions traditionally considered the Third World, including Africa, Latin America, and parts of Asia. It refers to areas that have historically been economically disadvantaged due to colonialism, imperialism, and globalization.

Economic Disparity in the North-South Divide

95% of the North has sufficient food and shelter, while the Global South faces economic disarticulation, political instability, and reliance on primary product exports.

John Comaroff (1954-)

Author of Theory from the South: Or, How Euro-America is Evolving Toward Africa, who explores the evolving relationship between the Global North and South.

The Third World

A term historically used during the Cold War to classify countries not aligned with the US or USSR. It included former colonies and economically poorer nations.

First World

During the Cold War, this term referred to countries aligned with the United States and Western Europe, characterized by capitalism, democracy, and economic development.

Second World

During the Cold War, this term referred to countries aligned with the Soviet Union and the Communist Bloc, including the USSR, China, and their allies.

Alfred Sauvy (1898-1990)

French demographer and historian who coined the term Third World in 1952, referring to economically disadvantaged nations.

Latin American Experiences

Latin America is often viewed as a region that follows or submits to Western economic trends, but historically, it has occupied a marginal yet significant role in the global system.

Economic Challenges in Latin America

Latin American economies have been impacted by global waves of prosperity and crisis. Countries like Chile, Colombia, and Peru adopted Western-inspired policies, while others like Bolivia and Ecuador faced marginalization.

Globalization in Latin America

Global economic development increases unemployment and inequality in Latin America, fueling anti-globalization movements.

The 'South' as a Concept

A relational term symbolizing economic oppression and global inequalities, rather than a strict geographical distinction.

Future of Latin America

The region's democracy, diversity, and ability to contribute to global discussions on inequality and racism offer potential for growth.