2026 gross ana topic 20 hand

the palmar facia is continuous with what?

antebrachial fascia

thenar eminence is on what side of the hand

lateral anterior thumb side

hypothenar eminence is on what side of the hand

medial anterior pinky side

thick palmar fascia centrally is aka what?

palmar aponeurosis

the palmar aponeurosis has 4 radiations to the base of each finger. these radiations are connected via what?

the superficial transverse metacarpal ligament

for the palmar aponeurosis, the medial fibrous septum extends to where?

the 5th metacarpal, hypothenar compartment

for the palmar aponeurosis, the lateral fibrous septum extends to where?

the 3rd metacarpal, thenar compartment

for the palmar aponeurosis, central compartment extends to where?

between the medial and lateral fibrous septums

is continuous with the anterior compartment of the forearm via the carpal tunnel

what do the medial and lateral fibrous septums do in the palm?

create “rooms”/ compartments to separate mm

prevents infection or bleeding from spreading but also holds everything together when gripping

what 3 mm make up the thenar compartment?

opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis

opposition occurs at what joint?

cmc joint, carpalmetacarpal joint

the adductor compartment of the hand is aka what?

the thenar eminence

the adductor compartment (or thenar eminence) contains what mm?

the adductor pollicis

the hypothenar eminence contains what mms?

abductor digiti minimi

flexor digiti minimi

opponens digiti minimi

the central compartment contains what mms?

the lubricals (4)

how many lumbricals in each hand?

4

the lateral 2 lumbricals are innervated by what nerve?

median

the median 2 lumbricals are innervated by what nerve?

ulnar nerve

what is the action of the lumbricals?

flex mcps and extend ips of digits 2-5

table top

what mm are in the interosseous compartment of the hand?

palmar interossei and dorsal interossei

what nerve travels in guyons canal?

ulnar nerve

what artery travels in the guyon canal lateral to the ulnar nerve?

the ulnar artery

what artery divides in the hand into superficial palmar arch and deep palmar branch?

the ulnar artery

what 2 arterys does the ulnar artery split into?

superficial palmar arch and a smaller deep palmar branch

what artery is at the floor of the anatomic snuff box

radial artery

before the radial artery enters the palm it sends what into the palm?

a small superficial palmar branch to anastomose w the superficial palmar arch

clawing position is a nerve injury due to loss of what mms?

intrinsic mm

hyper extension of mcps and flexions ips

clawing position is a nerve injury to what nerve?

ulnar n

pinky and ring finger flexed

if you have an ulnar nerve injury and youre in a clawing position, what does that look like? where is there impaired sensation?

pinky and ring finger are flexed and impaired sensation to medial hand

if patient is experiencing weakness in triceps, brachioradialis, supinator and extensory mm of wrist and fingers and wrist drop, there many be a nerve injury to what nerve?

radial nerve

with a radial nerve injury, where coul there be sensation loss

dorsal hand and thumb

wartenbergs syndrome is what?

loss of adduction of little finger

wartenbergs syndrome is caused from what nerve?

superficial radial nerve

carpal tunnel syndrome is a nerve injury to what nerve?

median nerve

median nerve is vulnerable where?

where it splits pronator teres mm proximal and the carpal tunnel