Lesson 2.0 - Medieval Period

Feudal System

A hierarchical system introduced in England post-Norman invasion, where land is owned by the king and leased out under strict controls.

Chivalry

A social code that dictated the ideals of knightly behavior, emphasizing service to God, lord, and lady, along with integrity and loyalty.

Villeins

Also known as serfs, they were bound to the land and had to provide labor and service to their lords without the ability to leave the manor.

Knight

A warrior of noble birth who was bound to serve a baron in exchange for land, often associated with the ideals of chivalry.

Geoffrey Chaucer

The greatest writer of the Medieval Period, known for 'The Canterbury Tales', which presents a vivid representation of English society.

Robin Hood

A mythical character and romantic outlaw who symbolizes defiance against authority, known for stealing from the rich to give to the poor.

The Canterbury Tales

A collection of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer, reflecting a variety of narratives about society in Medieval England.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

An important historical record that chronicles events in England, continued in English until the year 1154.

Sir Thomas Malory

The last medieval chronicler of the Arthurian Legends, known for writing 'Le Morte d’Arthur', documenting the deeds of King Arthur.

The Brut

A poem by Layamon, recognized as the first true English version of the story of King Arthur.

Arthurian Legend

A body of stories and medieval romances centered around King Arthur and his knights, emphasizing themes of chivalry and adventure.

Hegemony

Leadership or dominance by one group over others, especially within cultural contexts; in the Medieval Period, refers to Norman influence on English writing.

Popular Ballad

A form of poetry originated among common people, characterized by dialogue, simplicity, and often supernatural elements.

William the Conqueror

The first Norman King of England, who claimed the English throne after defeating King Harold at the Battle of Hastings.

Tales of Defiance

Stories about outlaws, like Robin Hood, that depict acts of resistance against oppressive authority.

Sonnet

A poetic form introduced to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt, known for its specific rhyme schemes and themes.