gng 1103

in the rain water system, why was the rain water filtered

it was filtered so that its could be drinkable and usable to the village.

what is important in this problem which is getting clean drinking water (since the problem is clean drinking water, what is important)

evaporation of water from the roof
leakage of water from the roof
the rate at which the water is drinkable that is, is the roof going to make the water poisonous
cost of the tank

what is the problem harvesting rainwater

filtering it
what is required to solve it

what key data do we know that can help us help the village

the rain fall date
the amount of house hold in the village
income of the village (the men get more than the women )
roof construction
average roof size
water consumption
tank size

give five suggested solution steps

understand the solution
have a clear idea of what u want to do and then get a solution
develop and refine the solution
what are the key characteristics
how good is the solution

why do we need to aim higher when it comes to providing water

we need to aim higher due to the fact that its only 75% of the water that gets into the tank, not all the households consume water equally and also incase of a drought

what is a design criteria

is a combination of criterions that can be used to judge the effectiveness or quality of ur solution or these are criterias designer should meet when creating a solution

give five examples of the design criteria in the RWH System

cost
size of the tank
ability to supply water
ease of getting the water
the ease of getting the material to make the tank
ease of construction

what could be done to develop and refine the solution

that tank size could be changed
the location of the tank
the material used for the tank
the amount of tanks

what must be done to choose a perfect tank size

we maximise the reliability whilst minimizing the cost . and the reliability in this case means how much time that there was water available

what are the factors that affect ur design

social issues (like how women and men relate)
cultural issues (hoe long its takes to extract the water, religious beliefs )

what is design thinking

this is being able to solve a design problem by understanding the customers need

what is the design thinking process

empathize
define
ideate
prototype
test

for empathize what is required

interview ur client, help them figure out what they want (ask open ended questions)
dig deeper, get to know the kind of person ur client is (that is go beyond the technical to the emotional)

for 'define' what is required

here we capture findings (getting an insight on the matter and writing it down into verbs cause needs are things people do )
generate the problem statement

what Is an insight

an insight is sth that is not obvious which can be leveraged when creating a solution

what is a problem statement

this is the part where by u begin create ur own point of view to pin point where or what the problem is to create a solution after u have finished understanding ur client.(a problem statement is a template or a guideline that states where or what the problem is o allow for a solution for the client )

what a the three things a problem statement should be

a problem statement should be short, specific and sexy

what is required or ideate

this is where u create a solution to the problem statement that was made and the more actionable a problem statement is, the better

share ur solution and get a feedback (once the solution has been given to the client, spend time listing to what he or she has to say about the solution, don't try to defend ur own idea cause the main point is to get more information from the client )

iterate based on feedback (at this point u reflect on what u have learnt about ur client and what u have learnt about ur solution by narrowing sown all the solution ideas down to the best one based on the clients feed back. the solution could be a new one or a combination of the old and new solution )

when it comes to ideate why is quantity better than quality

quantity is better than quality because generating more ideas makes the solution process easier and also to get different ideas

problem statement has to be short, sexy and specific what do they mean

sexy simply means intriguing
short and specific means the clarity of the statement and also it means its not too vague and not too specific

prototype

here we create the physical prototype of the solution.
ur prototype can focus on one aspect of the solution

test

at this stage, u should know that the prototype is not important, the feedback is (at this point also don't defend ur prototype understand how the costumer uses the prototype)

how would u know what the customer needs without he or she knowing what she needs

start of with an interview
a survey
empathize with the client
follow the client for a certain period of time

what is a customer need identification (Identification of customer need)

this is a process that determines how a costumer interact with a certain product

are the custmers the users true or false

false

what are the goals to identify the customer needs

to focus our attention on the right problem or need
to help identify the customers explicit need as well as the latent ones

how do we identify customer needs

gather data information from the costumers
interpret the data in terms of customer needs
organize the needs
establish the relative importance of the needs
reflect on the results

what are the thigs to do before identifying the costumer needs

we have to know the costumer
we have to know what information to extract
we have to know how to extract that info

there are three ways to gather raw data which are

observation (we have a passive observation and a active observation. active observation is when u work side by side the costumer while passive is when u watch the costumer froma distance for a certain period of time )
interviews
focus groups

how do prepare for a successful interview

prepare a script with things u want to ask but be free to deviate from it if nessasry
do believe u knoe already
have the user demonstrate the product
be alert for surprise
be aware of non verbal info

who is a lead user

a lead user is a person that first uses a product to satisfy their need that would help better the production of the prototype (they face the need that woul be general in the market place)

what are the three types of lead users

lead users of the target application and market
lead users of the similar application in adnvanced analogue market
lead users with respect to the important attribute to the problem

who would be the lead user in the RWH system

let say our problem identification is cost of storage tank, we could say people that have solved this problem or people who have cheaper storage system that stores sth other than water

how to interpret the data

is should be a positive pharsing
avoid using words like must and should
express the needs as the raw data states

how to organize the needs

print or write down the needs
eliminate the redundant ones
group the needs to one another if they do relate
choose a label for each group

how to establish the relative importance

numerical ranking is a common tool
consensus of the team
further customer survey

why do u reflect on ur process

this is done to seeif there has been an omission in the project, do we need to talk to more people

what question should a good problem statement ask

what is the problem
who has the problem
what form does the solution take

what are metrics

these are a list of mesurable attribute u want ur solution to have, they can be used to measure solutions and performance

where are metrics obtained from

benchmarking
fuctional design criteria

what is a target specification

A target specification is the numerical values based on a specific metric for a potential product