Bioenergetics - essential knowledge quiz

What is the word equations for photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide+water → glucose+oxygen

What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis

6CO2+6H2O+light energy→C6H12O6+6O2.

Why is light needed for photosynthesis

To transfer energy as photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction

In which organelle does photosynthesis take place

Chloroplast

Name the green pigment found in chloroplasts that is needed for photosynthesis

Chlorophyll

Name the factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis

• temperature

• Light intensity

• Carbon dioxide concentration

• Concentration of chlorophyll

Define the term limiting factor

Anything that limits the rate of reactions when it is in short supply

What is the glucose made in photosynthesis used for

• converged to starch for storage

• Made into amino acids

• Made into fats

• Used in respiration

• Used to make cellulose for cell walls

Where does respiration take place

Mitochondria

What is respiration

An exothermique reaction that releases energy needed for all living processes

What does aerobic mean

With oxygen

What is the equation for aerobic respiration

Glucose+oxygen → carbon dioxide+water

What does anaerobic mean

Without oxygen

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animal cells

Glucose → lactic acid

Name 2 possible uses for energy released during respiration

Movement, keeping warm

What is the chemical formula for glucose

C₆H₁₂O₆

Give 3 ways aerobic respiration is different than anaerobic

• aerobic uses oxygen anaerobic doesn’t

• Aerobic produces carbon dioxide and water, anaerobic produces lactic acid

• Anaerobic releases much less energy

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells

Glucose → alcohol+carbon dioxide

What is the term used to describe anaerobic respiration in yeast cells

Fermentation

Name 2 useful products made using anaerobic respiration by yeast

Bread and beer/wine

What happens to heart rate during exercise

Increases

Why does heart rate increase during exercise

To increase the volume of blood delivered to working muscles, more oxygen and more glucose delivered to cells→ more respiration→ more energy released for muscle contraction

Give two changes in breathing during exercise

Breathing is faster and deeper

Give two reasons breathing is faster and deeper during exercise

To get more oxygen in and to get rid of more carbon dioxide

What is metabolism

The sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism

Name three carbohydrates that can be made from glucose

Starch, glycogen and cellulose

What additional substances do plants need from the soil to turn glucose into amino acids

Nitrates

What two substances are needed to make lipids

Fatty acids and glycerol