Exam 3

Coronary Artery Disease

A condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries which can lead to atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis

The hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup.

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)

Often referred to as 'bad cholesterol'; high levels can lead to atherosclerosis.

Pericardium

A double-walled sac that encloses the heart, allowing it to beat without friction.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle found in the heart, characterized by striated, branching cells.

Systemic Circuit

The part of the circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to all parts of the body.

Pulmonary Circuit

The part of the circulatory system that carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs.

Epicardium

The outermost layer of the heart wall; also known as visceral pericardium.

Myocardium

The middle layer of the heart wall, composed of cardiac muscle.

Endocardium

The innermost layer of the heart wall, smooth lining that covers the valves.

Pericarditis

Inflammation of the pericardium, which can cause pain and discomfort during heartbeats.

Coronary Bypass Surgery

A surgical procedure that improves blood flow to the heart by creating a new route around blocked arteries.

Balloon Angioplasty

A procedure to open narrowed or blocked coronary arteries.

Laser Angioplasty

A technique that uses laser energy to remove or reduce blockages in coronary arteries.

Intercalated Discs

Specialized connections between cardiomyocytes that facilitate synchronized heart contractions.