Cell Structure

A set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to cell structure and function.

Cell Theory

The theory that all living things are made of one or more cells, the cell is the smallest unit of life, and all new cells come from preexisting cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A system of channels enclosed by membrane; includes Rough ER (synthesizes proteins) and Smooth ER (synthesizes steroids and detoxifies drugs).

Plasma Membrane

The border of the cell that governs interactions with other cells and controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.

Mitochondria

Organelles specialized for synthesizing ATP, known as the 'powerhouses' of the cell.

Lysosomes

Packages of enzymes that function in intracellular hydrolytic digestion of various substances.

Cytoskeleton

A structure that determines cell shape, supports the cell, organizes its contents, and directs movement of materials within and outside the cell.

Ribosomes

Small granules made of protein and RNA that read coded genetic messages and assemble amino acids into proteins.

Golgi Complex

An organelle that synthesizes carbohydrates, completes protein synthesis, sorts and packages proteins into vesicles.

Centrioles

Short cylindrical assemblies of microtubules that play important roles in cell division.

Microvilli

Extensions of the membrane that increase surface area, particularly in cells specialized in absorption.