Key Concepts in Early American History

Mayflower Compact

What: "Us pilgrims agree to work together and colonize well"

When: 1620

Impact: showed self governance in new world

Massachusetts Bay Colony

What: A Puritan English settlement in New England.

When: 1630

Impact: Spread Puritan beliefs

Helped start self-government

Shaped New England life

Southern Colonies & Agriculture depended on..?

Depended on enslaved labor.

Transatlantic Slave Trade

What: africans to america

When? 1500-1800

Impact: millions of africans slaved, south economy boosted, and racsim that lasts for centurys

Salutary Neglect

What: Britain let american colonies have freedom as long as they still traded with them

When: 1600-1750's

Impact: colonies get used to the freedom and start thinking about independance (weakend brits grip)

Boston Tea Party

What: prostest in boston dumped tea

when: 1773

Impact: Made britain pass the intolerable acts, led to american rev.

Common Sense (Thomas Paine)

What: pamphlet to tell americans to fight britain for independance

When: 1776!!!

Impact: convinced many to support independace, led to independance

Declaration of Independence

what: american declared seprate from england

when: 4th of july 1776

impact: Officially started the United States

Explained why colonies wanted to be free

Inspired other countries to fight for freedom too

Articles of Confederation

what: Weak central government; inability to tax or raise militias effectively. (alot of state power)

when: 1777

impact: showed need for strong

Constitutional Compromises

Great Compromise, Three-Fifths Compromise.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Debated power distribution and Bill of Rights necessity.

Elastic Clause

Allowed federal government flexibility to adapt to new challenges.

Alexander Hamilton's National Bank

Manage finances and stabilize the economy.

Whiskey Rebellion

Tested federal authority; Washington's response affirmed federal power.

Washington's Farewell Address

Warned against political parties and foreign alliances.

Marbury v. Madison

Established judicial review, strengthening the Supreme Court.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Asserted federal supremacy over states in economic matters.

Monroe Doctrine

Warned European nations against colonizing the Americas.

Middle Passage

Slave trade sea journey

1500s-1800s

helped

The Intolerable Acts

shut down boston harbor, forced colonist to house soilders, took away massachewsets government

it was after the boston tea party

to punish massachewets

Shays's Rebellion

Armed uprising of Massachusetts farmers protesting high taxes.

Massachets AGAIN

showed need for a replacement of the AOC

The Connecticut Plan/Great Compromise

Agreement for a two-house legislature, blending VA and NJ plan.

1787- constiutional convention

impact: 2 house congress, 2 senators per state, made house. of rep based on populaition

Necessary and Proper Clause/Elastic Clause

Gives Congress power to make laws needed to carry out its duties

1787

Expanded federal power

Allowed flexibility in lawmaking

Used to justify things like the national bank and modern laws not listed in the Constitution

Impressment

British practice of seizing American sailors and forcing them into the navy.

late 1700s war of 1812

Pet Banks

jackson takes down nat. bank, divides

after the bank of the US was shut down in 1830s

caused the Panic of 1837

Missouri Compromise

Law that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

1820

made missouri slave

and gucci maine anti slave

Nullification Crisis

south carolina tried to reject tariff

1832

almost led to civil war, ended with comprimise tariff

Alien and Sedition Acts

laws that gave gov more to deport, and punish critics

1798 during french quasi war

made folks mad (freedom of speach), weakend JA's preseddency and helped TJ win election of 1800

Trail of Tears

Forced relocation of Native Americans under the Indian Removal Act, resulting in thousands of deaths.

1830

death of indians

Anti-Federalists

They felt it did not include sufficient protections for individual rights.

War of 1812

brit v us, conflicts like trade restrictions, impressment, and british arming the indians

1812-1815 ended with treaty of ghent

The war boosted American nationalism, weakened Native American resistance, and confirmed U.S. independence from Britain.