physics em waves (cgpt)

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Last updated 12:04 PM on 8/17/26
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55 Terms

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Electromagnetic spectrum

radio to microwave to infrared to visible to ultraviolet to X-ray to gamma

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Order by frequency
radio to microwave to infrared to visible to ultraviolet to X-ray to gamma
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Order by wavelength
gamma to X-ray to ultraviolet to visible to infrared to microwave to radio
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What do all EM waves have in common?
transverse, transfer energy, same speed in vacuum
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What is the speed of EM waves in a vacuum?

3 x 10^8 m/s

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What is the wave equation?
wave speed=frequency x wave length
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What happens to frequency across the EM spectrum?
increases from radio to gamma
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What happens to wavelength across the EM spectrum?
decreases from radio to gamma
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Which EM wave has the highest frequency?
gamma
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Which EM wave has the lowest frequency?
radio
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Which EM wave has the longest wavelength?
radio
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Which EM wave has the shortest wavelength?
gamma
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Which EM wave is the most penetrating?
gamma
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Which EM waves are ionising?
ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma
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Which EM waves are non-ionising?
radio, microwave, infrared, visible
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What waves are used in radio broadcasting?
radio
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What waves are used in mobile phones?
microwave
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What waves are used in satellite communication?
microwave
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What waves are used in cooking?
microwave
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What waves are used in Wi-Fi?
microwave
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What waves are used in thermal imaging?
infrared
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What waves are used in heaters?
infrared
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What waves are used in remote controls?
infrared
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What waves are used for vision and lighting?
visible light
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What waves are used in security marking?
ultraviolet
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What waves are used for sterilising?
ultraviolet, gamma
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What waves are used for medical imaging?
X-ray
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What waves are used to treat cancer?
gamma
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What waves are used in medical tracers?
gamma
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What is the danger of microwaves?
heating
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What is the danger of infrared?

burns

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What is the danger of visible light?
eye damage
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What are the dangers of ultraviolet?
skin damage, eye damage, cancer
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What are the dangers of X-rays?
cell damage, DNA damage, cancer
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What are the dangers of gamma rays?
cell damage, DNA damage, cancer
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Why are some EM waves ionising?
high energy, remove electrons
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Why are X-rays useful for imaging bones?
soft tissue absorbs less, bone absorbs more
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How can radiation exposure be reduced?
reduce exposure time, increase distance, shielding
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What is the unit of frequency?
hertz
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What is the unit of wavelength?
metres
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yes

yes

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How do you calculate wavelength?
wavelength=speed divided by frequency
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What happens to energy as frequency increases?
energy increases
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Can EM waves travel through a vacuum?
yes
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Why are EM waves called transverse?

vibrations perpendicular to direction of waves

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What is the main difference between radio waves and gamma rays?
frequency, wavelength, energy, penetration
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Which EM waves can cause skin damage from sunlight?
ultraviolet
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What waves are used for thermal imaging?
infrared
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What waves are used for radio programmes?
radio
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What waves are used for airport security?
X-ray
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What waves are used for cancer treatment?
gamma
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What waves are used for satellite communication?
microwave
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What waves are used for mobile phones?
microwave
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What waves are used for remote controls?
infrared
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What waves are used for security marking?
ultraviolet