A&P Lab 4- Appendicular Skeleton

What are the 3 types of cartilage

Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage

Where is Hyaline Cartilage found?

Hyaline cartilage is found in the ribs, nose, trachea, and at the ends of long bones, providing support and flexibility.

Where is Fibrocartilage found

Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs, the pubic symphysis, and menisci of the knee, providing tensile strength and support.

Where is elastic cartilage found

Elastic cartilage is found in the external ear, epiglottis, and parts of the larynx, providing flexibility and structure.

Epiphyseal Plate

layer of hyaline cartilage located between the epiphysis and diaphysis of long bones, allowing for longitudinal growth during development.

Long bone anatomy

Articular cartilage, medullary cavity on inside, bone marrow, periosteum (outside sheath), endosteum (inside lining), diaphysis, and epiphysis

What is within the appendicular skeleton?

pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle, and the bones of the limbs (arms and legs).

Name this structure

Sternoclavicular (SC) joint

-Only site of attachment to axial skeleton (between sternum and clavicle)

Name this Structure

Acromioclavicular joint

Name this bone

Clavicle

Name this portion of the clavicle

A= Lateral (Acromial End)

B=Middle

C= Medial (sternal end)

Name this bone

Scapula

Name this landmark on the scapula

Coracoid Process

Name this landmark on the scapula

Acromion

Name this structure

Infraspinatus

Name this landmark on the scapula

Glenoid Cavity

Right or Left?

Right (remember the anterior is and smooth faces ribs)

Right or left?

Left

Name this bone

Humerus

Name this Landmark

Head

Name this Landmark

Greater Tubercle

Name this landmark

Lesser Tubercle

Name this landmark

Intertubercular Sulcus (or groove)

Name this landmark

anatomical neck of humerus

Name this landmark

Surgical Neck of humerus

Name this landmark

Deltoid Tuberosity (on the lateral side of the arm)

Name this landmark

Olecranon Fossa (Posterior view)

Name this landmark

Coronoid Fossa (Anterior view of the humerus)

Name this landmark

Lateral Epicondyle

Name this landmark

Medial Epicondyle

Name this landmark

Trochlea of humerous

Name this landmark

Capitulum

Left or right?

Right Humerus

Left or right?

Right Humerus

Name this bone

Radius

Name this structure

Head of radius

Name this structure

Neck of radius

Name this structure

Radial tuberosity

Name this structure

Styloid process of radius

Name this structure

Ulnar notch

right or left?

right radius

-left = anterior view

-right= posterior image

Name this Bone

Ulna (more medial bone in anatomical position)

Name this structure

Olecranon process of ulna

Name this structure

Coronoid process of ulna

Name this structure

Ulnar tuberosity

Name this structure

Styloid process of ulna

Name this structure

Trochlear notch of ulna

Name this structure

Radial notch of ulna

Name this structure

head of ulna

The anatomical name of the joint that occurs here is the middle radioulnar joint

Interosseous border

left or right?

Right

First view: Anterior

Second view: lateral

How many carpals in one hand

8

How many metacarpals in one hand

5

How many phalanges in one hand

14

(remember there are 56 total in the body)

Name the phalanges bottom up

Bottom: proximal phalanges

Middle: middle phalanges
Top: distal phalanges

How are the metacarpals numbered

thumb to pinky

thumb=1 pinky 5

Name this Carpal

scaphoid carpal

Name this Carpal

Lunate

Name this Carpal

Trilateral

Name this Carpal

Pisiform
*cannot see from posterior view)

Name this Carpal

Hamate
hook shaped with hamate hook

Name this Carpal

Capitate

Name this Carpal

Trapezoid

Name this Carpal

trapezium

How to remember the carpals

Mnemonic: "So Long Pinky Here Comes The Thumb”

Proximal Row (Thumb to Pinky)

• So – Scaphoid

• Long – Lunate

• To – Triquetrum

• Pinky – Pisiform

Distal Row (Pinky to Thumb)

• Here – Hamate

• Comes – Capitate

• The – Trapezoid

• Thumb – Trapezium:

Pelvic girdle

consisting of the hip (coxal) bones (ilium, ischium, pubis)

Name this bone

Ilium

Name this bone

Ischium

Name this bone

Pubis

Name this structure

Pubic symphysis

Name this Structure

Iliac Crest

Name this structure

Sacroiliac joint

Name this structure

Iliac Fossa

Name this structure

Sacral promontory

Name this structure

Pelvic brim

Name this structure

Ischia spine

Name this structure

Acetabulum

fusion of all 3 bones

Name this structure

Pubic crest

Name this Structure

Ala of ilium

Name this structure

Ischial tuberosity

What are the structures that make the male and female pelvis different

Female: flared ilia, smaller ischia, >90° pubic arch, wider pelvic opening
Male: upright ilia, larger ischia, <90° pubic arch, narrower pelvic opening

Name this structure

Acetabular labrum

fibrocartilaginious

Name this ligament

Transverse acetabular ligament

Name this ligament

Ligamentum Teres

Name this ligament

iliofemoral ligament

Name this ligament

Pubofemoral ligament

Name this ligament

Ischlofemoral ligaments

Name this bone

Femur

Name this structure

Fovea capitis

Name this structure

Head of femur

Name this structure

Neck of femur

Name this structure

Greater trochanter of femur

Name this structure

Lesser trochanter of femur

Name this structure

intertrochanteric line (anterioir)

Name this structure

Intertrochanter Crest (posterioir)

Name this structure

Linea aspera of femur

Name this structure (only the part where it splits)

posterior view

medial and lateral supracondylar lines of femur

Name this structure

intercondylar notch of femur

Name this structure

Lateral condyle of femur

Name this structure

Medial condyle of femur