Chapter 16: Innate Immunity: Non-Specific Defenses of The Host

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to innate immunity and the non-specific defenses of the host.

Immunity

The ability to fight off pathogens and prevent disease.

Host Resistance

The ability of a host to defend against pathogens.

Host Susceptibility

The lack of immunity in a host, leading to increased vulnerability to disease.

Innate Immunity

Non-specific immunity that individuals are born with, provides immediate defense against all pathogens.

Adaptive Immunity

Specific immunity that develops later in life to target specific pathogens and retains memory of infections.

Physical Barriers

The first line of defense in innate immunity, including intact skin and mucous membranes.

Chemical Barriers

Chemical factors such as pH and enzymes that help to prevent pathogen invasion.

Biological Barriers

Normal microbiota that protect the host by competing with pathogens.

Phagocytosis

The process where phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens.

Inflammation

The body's response to infection involving pain, redness, swelling, and heat to isolate and eliminate pathogens.

Fever

An elevated body temperature in response to infection that enhances the immune response.

Complement System

A system of proteins that enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.

Interferons (IFNs)

Proteins produced by host cells in response to viral infections that help protect uninfected neighboring cells.