circulatory system of a mammal

what is a transport system required for

take materials from cells to exchange surfaces and from exchange surfaces to cells

what is a transport system used for

move substances longer distances by diffusion

what does whether a transport medium or pump is needed depend on

the sa:v ratio and how active the organism is

features of a transport system

• suitable medium to carry materials

• form of mass transport in which the transport medium is moved over large distances

• a mechanism for moving the transport medium within vessels, in which there is a pressure difference

what do animals use

muscular contraction

why type of processes do plants rely on

natural and passive

features of a transport system in plants

• mechanism to maintain mass flow movement in one direction

• mechanism for the mass flow of water and gases

What type of system to mammals have

Closed double circulatory system

What is a closed double circulatory system

Blood passes through heart twice in each complete circuit of the body

why does this happen

when blood passes through lungs pressure is reduced

what is blood needed to do instead

return to heart to increase its pressure before being circulated to rest of tissues. Substances are delivered quick

why are substances delivered quick

high metabolic rate of mammals

types of vessels that make up circulatory system

veins, arteries, capillaries

cardiac output

volume of blood pumped by one ventricle of the heart in one minute

formula for cardiac output

stroke volume * heart rate

function of tendons in valves

Provide support to valves under great pressure of blood

why cant the wall of the right ventricle be thick as left

pressure would be too high and would destroy capillary bed in lungs

what is a septum and what its advantage

seperated O2 to deoxygenated blood

• maintains high concentration of oxygen in oxygenated blood to maintain concentration gradient to allow diffusion to respiring cells

where are semi lunar valves found

aorta and pulmonary artery

what does the coronary artery do

supply cardiac muscle with oxygenated blood

when do valves open

when there is a higher pressure behind the valve