Unit 1 - APWH

Champa Rice

Fast-ripening rice from Southeast Asia that allowed 2-3 harvests per year.

Buddhism

A belief system in East Asia that focuses on achieving Nirvana and following the Eightfold Path.

Confucianism

A belief system emphasizing filial piety and social hierarchy.

Islam

The religious faith and belief system that dominated the Middle East during this period.

Neo-Confucianism

A blend of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism.

Caliphate

An Islamic political state ruled by a caliph.

Feudalism

A decentralized political system that dominated much of the planet.

Mit'a

Incan labor tax requiring mandatory labor for the state.

Great Zimbabwe

A stone-built trading city in Africa that served as a major trade center.

Abbasids

An Islamic caliphate centered in Baghdad.

Sufism

The mystical branch of Islam.

Foot Binding

A Chinese practice that limited women's mobility.

Shogun

The military ruler of Japan.

Samurai

The warrior class in Japan.

Chinampa

Aztec floating gardens used for agriculture.

Delhi Sultanate

A Muslim state in India.

Serfdom

Coerced peasant labor in Europe.

Turkic

A term referring to Turkish Muslim rulers.

Gunpowder

An innovation in warfare developed in China.

Civil Service Exam

An imperial examination used to appoint people to positions within the Imperial Bureaucracy in China.

Nirvana

The ultimate goal of Buddhism, representing the end of suffering.

Eightfold Path

The Buddhist practice leading to enlightenment.

Filial Piety

The Confucian virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors.

Social Hierarchy

A key concept in Confucianism that emphasizes the organization of society based on status.

Daoism (Taoism)

A belief system that emphasizes harmony with nature and following 'the Way'.

Population Growth

The increase in population due to higher food supply from agricultural innovations.

Mongols

The group that ended the rule of the Song Dynasty by invading China.

Trade Merchants

One of the ways Islam spread through commerce.

Missionaries and Sufis

Another means of spreading Islam through outreach and mysticism.

Siege of Baghdad (1258)

An event caused by the expansion of the Mongol Empire, leading to the end of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage

A famous pilgrimage that illustrated the wealth and influence of the Islamic world.

Sub-Saharan Africa

The region known for exporting gold and salt.