Sheol, Resurrection, and Purity in Ancient Israel

Sheol

Place of the dead in ancient Israel.

Resurrection

Involves moral implications in later texts.

Moral Component

Judgment based on righteousness or failings.

Daniel 12

Passage discussing resurrection and moral outcomes.

Holy

Separated or devoted to the divine.

Ritual Purity

State of being clean for religious practices.

Ritual Impurity

Condition requiring purification rituals.

Moral Impurity

Impurity resulting from sin or wrongdoing.

Atonement

Reparation for sin through rituals.

Purgation

Cleansing from ritual impurity.

Ritual of Purification

Practices to restore ritual purity.

Sources of Impurity

Factors causing ritual or moral impurity.

Penitence

Regret for wrongdoing or sin.

Clean Animals

Animals deemed pure for consumption.

Impurity Attachment

Impurity can affect holy objects.

Sacred

Synonym for holy, denotes separation.

Divine Source

Origin of holiness in the divine.

Ritual Objects

Items used in religious ceremonies.

Sanctuary

Holy place, often a temple.

Rituals

Ceremonial acts for spiritual purposes.

Negative Outcomes

Consequences of moral failings after death.

Dust Return

Humans return to dust upon death.

Ritual Cleansing

Process to remove ritual impurity.

Ritual Contagion

Impurity can spread to holy things.

Moral vs. Ritual

Distinction between types of impurity.

Food Regulations

Laws governing clean and unclean foods.

Divine Instruction

Commands believed to be from God.

Hygiene Matters

Health-related reasons for food laws.

Social Convention

Cultural norms influencing dietary laws.

Symbolics of Death

Death-related meanings in food laws.

Rituals of Atonement

Acts to reconcile with the divine.

Scapegoat Ritual

Leviticus 16 practice for atonement.

Ritual Status

Condition of being ritually pure or impure.

Rituals of Impurity

Practices leading to ritual impurity.

Cleansing Rituals

Specific acts to restore purity.

Unclean Contact

Impure individuals cannot touch holy items.

Ritual Failure

Consequences of not resolving impurity.

Ritual and Moral Distinction

Differentiate between ritual and moral failings.

Divine Presence

God's presence among humans in rituals.