7 Factors that affect evolution Bio 11

What is evolution

Change in the relative frequency of alleles in a population is gene pool

What are alleles

variations of a gene for example gene for eyecolor would be blue green brown alleles

How many alleles do most organisms have

2

What is an inheritable mutation

uninhabitable change the DNA that occurs in germ cells passed from parent to offspring

What are germ cells

eggs and sperm

What are the effects of mutations

harmful beneficial neutral

Was there a mutation is harmful or helpful or neutral depends on what

the environment

What are some ways new inheritable mutations occur

relation chemicals and during DNA replication

What is a gene pool

consists of all the alleles in all of the individuals that make up a population

Where is genetic variation stored

in the gene pool

What factors will affect the frequency of certain alleles in a population's gene pool

natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift and inbreeding

What is gene flow

Exchange of a Lowe's between two populations of the same species

What is the result of gene flow

Increase genetic variation in both populations

What is genetic drift

a change in a populations gene pool due to a random chance

Genetic drift the major impact on what kind of populations

call populations

What are the two kinds of Genetic drift

genetic bottleneck and founder effect

What is genetic bottleneck

occurs when an event like a natural disaster significantly reduces a population size and gene pool

What is the outcome of genetic bottleneck

by chance the survivors will have certain alleles which will change the gene pool also occurs in decrease genetic variation found in the population

What is founder effect

happens when a small number of individuals move to a new habitat and start new population

What would you call a group of individuals that move to a new habitat

founding population

What is the outcome of the founder effect

the gene pool of the new population depends on the alleles found in the founding population

What is inbreeding

reproduction of closely related animals over multiple generations

What is the deleterious allele

an allele that makes an animal less fit

What is a disadvantage of selective breeding

decrease genetic diversity found in the population undesirable traits from both parents may appear in the offspring