The Age of Jefferson Flashcards

Flashcards about The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816

Jefferson's attempt to win over Federalists

Jefferson attempted to win the allegiance and trust of Federalist opponents by maintaining the national bank and debt-repayment plan of Hamilton and carrying on the neutrality policies of Washington and Adams.

Louisiana Purchase

The acquisition by purchase of vast western lands.

Napoleon's Goal

Napoleon hoped to restore the French empire in the Americas.

Right of Deposit

The right of American farmers tax-free use of the port.

Jefferson's Argument for the Louisiana Purchase

Lands could be added to the United States as an application of the president's power to make treaties.

Consequences of the Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana Purchase more than doubled the size of the United States, removed a European presence from the nation's borders, and extended the western frontier to lands beyond the Mississippi.

Benefits of the Lewis and Clark Expedition

Greater geographic and scientific knowledge of the region, stronger U.S. claims to the Oregon Territory, better relations with American Indians, and more accurate maps and land routes for fur trappers and future settlers.

John Marshall's decisions as Chief Justice

Strengthened the central government, often at the expense of states' rights

Judicial Review

The Supreme Court would exercise the power to decide whether an act of Congress or of the president was allowed by the Constitution.

Caucus

A closed meeting

Federalist Conspiracy

Planned to win the governorship of New York in 1804, unite that state with the New England states, and then lead this group of states to secede from the nation.

Jefferson's Foreign Policy Goal

Tried to avoid war, rejecting permanent alliances, he sought to maintain U.S. neutrality despite increasing provocations from both France and Britain during the Napoleonic wars.

Prior Policy Toward Barbary Pirates

To protect U.S. merchant ships from being seized by Barbary pirates, Presidents Washington and Adams had reluctantly agreed to pay tribute to the Barbary governments.

Impressment

Capturing U.S. sailors who it claimed were British citizens and forcing them to serve in the British navy.

Embargo Act (1807)

Prohibited American merchant ships from sailing to any foreign port.

Nonintercourse Act of 1809

Americans could now trade with all nations except Britain and France.

Macon's Bill No. 2 (1810)

Provided that if either Britain or France formally agreed to respect U.S. neutral rights at sea, then the United States would prohibit trade with that nation's foe.

Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)

Destroyed the Shawnee headquarters and put an end to Tecumseh's efforts to form an Indian confederacy.

War Hawks' Argument

War with Britain would be the only way to defend American honor, gain Canada, and destroy American Indian resistance on the frontier.

Declaration of War of 1812

British delays in meeting U.S. demands over neutral rights combined with political pressures from the war hawks finally persuaded Madison to seek a declaration of war against Britain.

U.S. warship Constitution (Old Ironsides)

Defeating and sinking a British ship off the coast of Nova Scotia.

Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814)

Ended the power of an important British ally, the Creek nation. The victory eliminated the Indians and opened new lands to white settlers.

Treaty of Ghent (1814)

Halted fighting, returned all conquered territory to the prewar claimant, and recognized the prewar boundary between Canada and the United States.

Hartford Convention (1814)

Radical Federalists in New England urged that the Constitution be amended and that, as a last resort, secession be voted upon.