BIOSTATS CHAP 1.2

SUMMATION NOTATION

using the Greek letter "sigma" to write a series

Subscript

Means that we start with the first value of X

sigma

population standard deviation

internal data

It refers to those data that relates to the activities within the organization collecting the data.

external data

It refers to the data that relates to the activities outside the organization collecting the data.

external data

The data further classified into their statistical or non-statistical.

secondary source

primary source

sources of data

primary source

An original document containing the observations, ideas, and conclusions of an individual. It is a firsthand account presented by someone present or actively participating in the event. Examples include manuscripts, photographs, oral histories, and personal journals.

secondary source

A secondhand account of an event or a retelling of another person's observations written by someone who did not witness or actually participate in the events. Includes sources that combine, synthesize, and or interpret information from primary sources. Examples include encyclopedias, textbooks, and reviews.