Ch.9 - Patterns of Inheritance

What are Mendel’s 3 laws

Segregation, independent assortment, dominance

What’s the difference between blending inheritance and Mendelian inheritance

Blending suggest traits mix permanently while Mendelian involves discrete alleles remain distinct across generations

In Mendel’s monohybrid cross, what does F1 generation look like

All dominant phenotype

What phenotype ration from monohybrid F2 cross

3:1

What phenotypic ratio results from dihybrid cross?

9:3:3:1

Define genotype and phenotype

Genotype: genetic makeup

Phenotype: physical expression

What do homozygous and heterozygous mean?

Homozygous: 2 identical alleles

Heterozygous: 2 different alleles

What’s codominace?

Both alleles expressed equally

What’s incomplete dominance

Heterozygous shows an intermediate phenotype

What do alleles IA, IB and I represent

ABO blood type alleles

In pedigree, what square and circles represent

squares = males

circles = females

What does shaded shape in pedigree mean

Individual expresses studied trait

What’s nondisjunction

Failure of chromosomes to separate during cell division

What’s the difference between monsoon and trisomy

Monosomy= missing 1 chromosome

Trisomy = extra copy chromosome

Why’s aneuploidy of sex chromosomes less severe than outcomes

X-inactivation and limited gene content on Y chromosomes reduce harmful effects

A visible gamete from genotype AABb is

AB

and individual with genotype AABb is

Homozygous for A and heterozygous for B

For gene G, uppercase g is the dominant…

Allele

A pair of chromosomes with same genes are..

Homologous

Which isn’t Mendel’s law

Trait blending

A trait skipping generation in a pedigree is most likely…

Recessive

2 AB parents can’t have a child with blood type of…

O

Linked traits may be inherited separately if..

Crossing over occurs