Halloween WHAP Test

Do women wear veils in West Africa?

No

Are women allowed to go out in public without men in West Africa?

Yes

What groups of people were traded in the Trans-Saharan Slave Trade

Women and Children

How do are people able to escape Islam in West Africa?

By converting to Islam

Could slaves in West Africa be educated or have status?

Yes

What is the first society to spread Islam

Ghana

What group of people converted to Islam most often in West Africa.

Elites

How were West African societies ran before the introduction of Islam?

Kinship based stateless societies

What does Islam do?

Unify

Ghana and Mali were able to grow and prosper because of what?

Gold/Salt trade and a strong military

How did Mansa Musa’s hajj affect Mali?

Brought architecture, scholars, and caused high inflation

What was the Center of learning in Mali?

Timbuktu

What were the oral historians and record keepers of West Africa called?

Griots

NOT IN WEST AFRICA* What was Great Zimbabwe made out of?

Stone

What was a crucial farming crop in West Africa?

Grain

What time period were the Bantu at their height?

1000BCE to 1000CE

What did the Bantu bring into West Africa?

Bananas, farming techniques, iron, common language, and diseases (malaria)

Are the Bantu known for Islam?

No

Who traveled all throughout Dar-al-Islam and is the reason why we know so much about those past African societies today?

Ibn Battuta

What was a main source of revenue for West Africa?

Gold/Salt trade

What are two pieces of technology that aided in trans-saharan trade?

Caravans and camel saddles

Did Swahili men commonly have only one wife?

No

Who were the elites on the Swahili Coast?

Merchants

Where there Slaves on the Swahili Coast?

Yes

Who ruled on the Swahili Coast?

Kings

What were some important Swahili city-states?

Kilwa, Mombasa, and Mogadishu

What id Islam do to Swahlili political control?

Unified and tightened it

What ocean is the Swahili Coast located on?

Indian Ocean

What did the merchants have to learn to use to their advantage?

The monsoon winds

While in port cities waiting on the monsoon winds, what did merchants commonly do?

Marry women and start families in port cities

Where monsoon winds a continuity?

Yes

What were some common traded goods along the Swahili Coast?

Slaves, gold, feathers, and tortoise shells

Who controlled trade along the Swahili Coast?

Merchants

What Ocean did people on the Swahili Coast use to trade?

Indian Ocean

What are the Arabian people known for inventing?

Lateen sails and the astrolabe

What are the Chinese known for inventing?

Junks and rudders

What was the Aztec social system calpulli based off of?

Occupation

What was the name of the merchant calpulli

Pochtecca

Was the Aztec civilization a matriarchy?

No

Was slavery present in the Aztec civilization?

Yes

What was the Incan government model called?

Ayllus

What did Incan Socialism do?

distribute everything equally as to provide for the women and children

What was split inheritance?

A system in which the dead father keeps the wealth to rule in the afterlife, and the son inherits the goverment but has to conquer more in order to gain more wealth

Was the Aztec empire made up of many city-states?

Yes

What was the capital of the Aztec empire?

Tenochtitlan

What lake was Tenochtitlan built on?

Lake Texcoco

Since the Aztec empire held a tribute system, what other system was used on newly conquered lands?

autonomy (local elites stay in power)

Where is Aztecs tolerant?

Yes

Where the Aztecs a bureacracy?

No

Where the Incas a bureacracy?

Yes

What was the Incan common language?

Quecha

What was the tool that the Incans used to keep records called?

Quipu

What are chinampas?

Floating gardens that the Aztecs used for agriculture.

What did the use of chinampas lead to?

Food surplus and population growth

What technology did the Aztecs not have yet?

Wheels, iron, and draft animals

Where were the Incas located?

The Andes Mountains (Pacific side)

What was Incan terrace farming called?

Waru Waru

Why did the Aztecs make human sacrifices?

To instill fear in neighboring communities and for religious reasons

What was the Aztec writing system based on?

Hieroglyphics

The Incas were tolerant as long as what?

the people worshiped Inti

Where the Incas Monotheistic or Polytheistic?

Polytheistic

Did the Incas have a writing system?

No

What did the Incas do after important rulers passed?

Mummified the body

How did the Aztec source their economy?

Farming with chinampas

Why did the Aztecs rely so heavily on slave labor?

They did not have the wheel or draft animals to be able to transport items in bulk

How did the Incas source their economy?

Farming

What was the Aztec calendar based off?

Astronomy

What did the pyramids demonstrate in the Aztec empire?

Mathmatics

What did the Aztecs utilize to travel?

Compass

Through what did the Aztec transport natural resourses in and out of Tenochtitlan?

Aqueducts and causeways

What was a quipu

a tool made of knotted cords used for record keeping

Were the Gunpowder Empires were patriarchies?

Yes

Did the women wear veils in the Gunpowder empires?

Yes

Sultans were

the kings

Janissaries were

military leaders

Ulama were

religious leaders

Ayan were

calvery and land owners that overtaxed the peasants

The grand rizier was

The sultan advisor

Pasha were

higher military and bureaucrats

Why were the peasants so poor?

They were overtaxed by the ayan

What is fratricide?

killing of brothers in order to be able to take control of the throne

A paid group of people that was in charge of taxation, construction, and water supply in the Mughal empire was called

Zamindars

Who conquered Constantinoble in 1453?

Mehmed II

When gunpowder started being used in warfare, what happened to city walls?

They became useless

Who was the tribute system paid to?

The Ottoman empire

Who were the two notable Ottoman rulers?

Mehmed II and Suleiman the Magnificent

What did Suleiman the Magnificent do for the Ottoman empire?

Codify laws, brought new architecture, and transformed the Higa Sofia into a mosque

What is devshirme?

A labor system where christain slave boys were captured and put to work, however if the proved to be worthy enough, some may go on to the bureacrats

Who was pushing to invade the Ottoman empire?

The Balkans

Akbar was a capable and fair leader. What did he do for the Hindu and Muslim religions?

Blended them

Who was Arengzeb?

Akbars successor who attempted to conquer all of India, but ended up reversing everything Akbar worked for, persecuting Hindus, and made taking over the Safavid empire easier for the Europeans.

The take over of Constantinoble signaled what switch?

The switch from a Christian empire to a Muslim ruled empire

Who was the Taj Mahal built by and what for?

Shah Jahan built if for his wife who died during child birth

Why are the Muslim empires called the Gunpowder empires?

It was the first time gunpowder was used in warfare with canons and heavy artillery