Psychodynamic Explanation of Offending

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10 Terms

1
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AO1- Freud- superego

  • Freud: Superego formed during phallic stage through identification with same-sex parent.

2
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AO1- weak superego

  • Weak superego → criminal behaviour due to lack of guilt.

3
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AO1- deviant superego

  • Deviant superego → internalises deviant values (e.g., criminal father).

4
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AO1- over-harsh superego

  • Over-harsh superego → guilt drives desire for punishment.

5
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AO1- unconscious conflicts

  • Unconscious conflicts from early childhood influence later behaviour.

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AO1- defence mechanisms

  • Role of defence mechanisms: displacement and repression.

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AO3- gender bias

  1. Gender bias: females seen to develop weaker superego but commit less crime.

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AO3- lack of empirical evidence

  1. Lack of empirical evidence—based on unconscious, untestable concepts.

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AO3- contradictory evidence

  1. Contradictory evidence—children with absent fathers not more criminal.

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AO3- overemphasis on childhood

  1. Overemphasis on childhood, ignores social/environmental factors.