Forensic Science Midterm

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47 Terms

1

Acute Toxicity

Poisoning occuring almost immediately.

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2

AFIS

Automation, Fingerprinting, Identification Systems.

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3

Algor Mortis

The cooling of the body temperature after death.

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4

Alkaloids

a bitter tasting compound obtained from plants. has a powerful effects on living things.

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5

Amino Acids

they link together to create proteins for the body. Building block of proteins.

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6

Amorphous

non crystalline-atoms or units arranged randomly.

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7

Antigen Phase

the 3 year growth period of hair

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8

Analgesic

a drug that relives pain

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9

Anisotropic

physical properties of a material which are different in different directions.

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10

Direct evidence

evidence that proves something by itself

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11

Dispersion

the variation of refractive index with wavelength

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12

Electrophoresis

a lab that separates DNA fragments according to their rate of movement in an electric field.

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13

Alute

used in chromatography to separate one material from another.

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14

Enzyme

a protein that creates reactions inside the body to create/support life.

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15

Cortical Fusi

Irregularly shaped air spaces in the cortex of hair

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16

Cuticle

the tough, clear, outer covering of a hair composed of overlapping scales

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17

Cortex

the middle layer of the hair shaft that provides strength and contains granules of color pigment

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18

Case Law/Common Law

The body of law made up of judicial opinions

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19

Catagen Phase

An intermediate period of hair growth, ~3 weeks

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20

Chemiluminescence

The emission of light from a chemical reaction

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21

Cyanoacrylate

Super glue

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22

Civil Law

non-criminal litigation brought to protect a civil right

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23

Concentric Fracture

A pattern of broken glass that forms a rough circle around point of impact

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24

Conchoidal fracture

A pattern showing roughly circular, shell-like ridges radiating outward from point of impact

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25

Dactylscopy

The study of fingerprints

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26

Delta

a triangular ridge pattern with ridges that go in different directions above and below atriangle; found in all loop and whorl patterns

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27

Depressant

a drug or other substance that slows the activity of vital organs of the body

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28

Direct Transfer

the passing of evidence, such as a fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa

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29

DNA Fingerprint

pattern of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person’s unique sequence of DNA basepairs

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30

DNA Probe

a molecule labeled with a radioactive isotope, dye, or enzyme that is used to locate aparticular sequence or gene on a DNA molecule

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31

Document Expert

a person who scientifically analyzes handwriting

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32

Drug

a chemical substance that affects the processes of the mind or body

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33

electrophoresis

a procedure that separates DNA fragments according to size

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34

elute

separation of one material from another with a solvent

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35

entomology

the study of insects as related to time of death

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36

Enzyme

a protein that causes a chemical reaction that supports processes in the body

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37

Epiphyses

Growth Plates found at the end of long bones

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38

Erythrocyte

red blood cell

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39

post-mortem redistribution

when drugs or chemicals move around and increase in a person's body after they die

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40

Immunoassays

the most common form of testing, this includes tests like COVID tests, pregnancy tests, and STI tests

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41

LD50

The amount of a chemical that is lethal to one-half (50%) of the experimental animals exposed to it

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42

Toxicokinetics

the study describing ADME in a biological system following exposure

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43

ADME

designed to investigate how a chemical (e.g., a drug compound) is processed by a living organism

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44

Hepatotoxin

a toxic chemical substance that damages the liver

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45

Neurotoxin

substance that alters the structure or function of the nervous system

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46

hematoxin

is a toxin found in certain animal venoms

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47

acute toxin exposure

short term contact with a substance, usually under 24 hours

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