Life Science 11 cards

Gotta lock in

Organisms

Any living thing

What do organisms need

Water, Nutrients, Space to live, and O2 or CO2

What does water do for organisms

Helps organisms to carry out cellular activity

What are cellular activites? (List them out 5 terms)

DNA replication, Cellular division, Protein Synthesis, Breaking Down Food, Transport of Nutrients and Wastes.

Why do organisms compete for space?

Because space is limited and scarce

What is the difference between Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Autotrophs make their own energy while Herotrophophs gets energy from other autotrophs or heterotrophs

What is the chain of Cell Organization starting from Atoms?

Atoms → Molecules → Organelles → Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism

How many different types of cells does a tissue have

One

Organs

composed of different types of tissues that work together to perform specific functions in an organism.

Organ Systems

groups of organs that work together to perform complex functions vital for the organism's survival.

What is a cell

The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.

Prokaryotes

Organisms without a nucleus, such as bacteria (only bacteria), characterized by their simple cell structure.

Eukaryotes

Organisms with a nucleus, including plants, animals, and fungi, characterized by their complex cell structure.

Unicellular Organism

An organism that consists of a single cell, Pro or Eukaryotes. Ex. Yeast

Multicellular Organism

An organism that consists of multiple cells, typically eukaryotic, exhibiting specialization of cells for various functions. Examples include humans, trees, and insects.

Cell Differentiation

The process which cells in a multicellular organism develop different structures and functions due to gene expression and selection in using DNA

What is the difference between cell differentiation and cell specialization

Cell differentiation refers to the process, while cell specialization is the result of differentiation.

What is adaptation

Adaptation is a characteristic that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

What are two types of adaptations

Structural adaptations like fur colour and behaviour adaptation like migratory patterns.

What are the three adaptations of snakes

Jaws that can unhinge, Basks in sun to warm the cold blood, and can “smell” using their tongue.

Origin of Species I

Aristotle believed that all plants and animals had been placed on Earth at its beginning and no change ever

Origin of Species II

Lamark and Darwin said that species do change and evolve over time

Can organisms choose to evolve?

no, I can’t choose to fly

Does species evolve when there is no struggle for survival?

no

What is an inheritable trait?

A trait that is in the genes of the sperm or egg cells

Fitness

Fitness is organism’s ability to create offspring. The more offsprings the greater the fitness

What is the formula for Photosynthesis?

6H2O + 6CO2 + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2

What is the formula for Cellular Respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP

What is an opposable thumb

A thumb that can touch other finger

what are the three cells specialization?

Neuron long and thin, red blood cells disks, sperm cells tail

For snake, what are the three things

basks in sun for warmth, smell with tongue, and unhinged jaw

convergent evolution

come together with same functionsd

divergen evolution

same root different funtions

coevolution

constantly evolving

analogous structures

same function, different evolution lines

homologous structures

different function, same evolution line

What is genetic drift

Founding effect + Genetic bottleneck

What is an advantage of selective breeding

Get desired traits

Disadvantage of selective breeding

less fit

What is fitness

the ability to produce offsprings (how many)

What is an inheritable mutation

It is change to the germ cell’s DNA.

What are the three way mutation occurs

Radiation (X-Ray), Chemicals (Pesticides, Nicotine), and DNA Replication

What is inbreeding

Having offsprings with direct siblings or first or second cousin