Integumentary System: Word Parts

skin

organ covering the body; made up of layers

aka cutaneous membrane

epidermis

outer layer of skin; protects the body from the external environment

keratin

scleroprotein component of the horny, or cornfield, layer of the epidermis.

primary component of the hair and nails

melanin

dark pigment produced by melanocytes; amount present determines skin color

hair

compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles (the sacs that enclose the hair fibers)

nails

horny plates made from flattened epithelial cells; found on the dorsal surface of the ends of the fingers and toes

sebaceous glands

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis

sudoriferous glands

tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin's surface and secrete sweat

aka sweat glands

para-

beside, beyond, around, abnormal

trans-

through, across, beyond

-ia

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

-osis

abnormal condition (w blood: increase)

paronychia

diseased state around the nail

scleroderma

hard skin

(chronic hardening or induration of the CT of the skin and other organs)

appendages of the skin

hair, nails, sudoriferous glands, and sebaceous glands

dermis

inner layer of skin; responsible for its flexibility and mechanical strength

hypodermis

layer between dermis and the underlying tissues and organs

contains adipose (fat), CT, nerves, and BVs

aka subcutaneous layer

cutane/o

skin

derm/o

skin

dermat/o

skin

hidr/o

sweat

kerat/o

Skin: horny tissue (keratin), hard

Eye: cornea of eye

onych/o

nail

seb/o

sebum (oil)

trich/o

hair

ungu/o

nail

aden/o

gland

crypt/o

hidden

erythr/o

red

leuk/o

white

myc/o

fungus

pachy/o

thick

rhytid/o

wrinkles

scler/o

Skin: hard

Eye: sclera -- tough outer white portion of eye

staphyl/o

grapelike clusters

strept/o

twisted chains

xanth/o

yellow

xer/o

dry, dryness

epi-

on, upon, over

hyper-

above, excessive

hypo-

below, incomplete, deficient, under

intra-

within

per-

through

sub-

under, below

-a

suffix, no meaning

-al

pertaining to

-coccus (pl. cocci)

berry-shaped (bacteria)

-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

-genic

producing, originating, causing

-ic

pertaining to

-itis

inflammation

-logist

one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)

-logy

study of

-malacia

softening

-oma

tumor, swelling

-ous

pertaining to

-phagia

eating or swallowing

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhea

flow, discharge

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

dermatofibroma

fibrous tumor of the skin

hidradenitis

inflammation of a sweat gland

keratosis

abn condition (growth) of horny tissue (keratin)

onychocryptosis

abnormal condition of a hidden nail

aka ingrown nail

onychomalacia

softening of the nails

onychomycosis

abn condition of a fungus in the nails

onychophagia

eating the nails (nail biting)

pachyderma

thickening of the skin

seborrhea

(excessive) discharge of sebum

xanthoma

yellow tumor (benign, primarily in the skin)

xeroderma

dry skin

(mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)