RSP 120- Quiz (Ch. 8, 9)

Percentage of dissolved CO2

8%

Explain of alkalemia present at high altitude

Low PaCO2 lowers the blood H2CO3 concentration

CO2 produced by body at rest

200 mL/min

Average tissue-blood CO2 gradient

6 mm Hg

If CO2 is not acid, what is the reason for CO2 being conceptualized as if it were acid

Its immediate formation of H2CO3 in physiologic fluids

clinical marker of alveolar ventilation adequacy

PaCO2

Major forms of carbon dioxide transport

Dissolved CO2 in plasma, plasma HCO3 protein carbmino compounds

Explanation for chloride shift

HCO3 diffuses out of RBC and leaves cell electropositive

Hemoglobin for CO2 is greater when it is not combined with oxygen, what is this called?

Haldane effect

Percentage for CO2 transported as HCO3

80%

Unoxygenated hemoglobin

Deoxyhemoglobin

Normal values for hemoglobin saturations and oxygen partial pressures

PO2 is 100 mm Hg at SaO2 of 97.5%

HbO2 equilibrium curve

Large PO2 changes cause small to minimal changes in oxygen content, especially at extreme flat right end (60 to 100 mm Hg)

What level of PO2 is associated with oxygen content gain

30 to 60 mm Hg

P50

Is a measurement of hemoglobin affinity for oxygen

Condition decrease hemoglobins affinity for oxygen

Increased blood PCO2

Decreased affinity of Hb for oxygen when PCO2 is high

Bohr effect

What factor affects oxygen delivery to the tissues

Hemoglobin concentration arterial hemoglobin saturation w/ oxygen, cardiac output

Normal amount of oxygen consumed by the tissue

250 mL/min

PaO2 = 100 mmHg

SaO2= 0.975

Hemoglobin concentration = 7 g/dL

Q= 8 L/min

Is resting oxygen consumption be affected

No because the DO2 is well above the normal resting oxygen consumption

Clinical consequences of the point below DO2crit

Initiation of anaerobic metabolism

Statement of blood transfusion to improve oxygen delivery

It is associated with increased mortality

Minimum desaturated hemoglobin concentration in the capillaries when most observers preceive cyanosis

5 g/dL