SCIENCEEE

what is circulation

The continuous flow of blood through the heart and blood vessels

How does exercise affect breathe and heart rate

When you exercise, your muscles need more energy to work. To make this energy, the body needs more oxygen and produces more carbon dioxide.

• Heart rate increases so the heart can pump more oxygen-rich blood to the muscles.

• Breathing rate increases so you can take in more oxygen and remove extra carbon dioxide faster.

Why does your breath and heart rate increase after exercise

Because your muscles are working harder and need more energy to meet the demands of your body

What are the 4 chambers of the heart

Right+left atrium, right+left ventricle

Which chamber receives deoxygenated blood

Right atrium

Which chamber pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Right ventricle

What is the septum

The wall that separates the left and right sides of your heart

What is the aorta

The main artery that pumps blood into the body

What do the valves do

Prevent blood from going backwards in the veins (unidirectional)

What happens in the lungs

Blood picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide

Why is the left ventricle more muscular

To pump blood at a higher pressure so blood can reach the rest of the body

What is the respiratory system

The chemical process inside cells that release energy from food

When you inhale…

Diaphragm contracts and flattens, external intercostal muscles contract, volume increase, pressure decreases

When you exhale..

Diaphragm relaxes and domes up, intercostal muscles relax, volume decreases, pressure increases

what does the nasal cavity do

Filters, warms and moistens air

What does the pharynx do

Directs food and liquid to the digestive system

What does the larynx do

Regulates airflow and holds your voice box

What does the epiglottis do

A flap of cartilage that covers your windpipe when you swallow food

What does the trachea do

Allows oxygen to enter the lungs and for carbon dioxide to be expelled

What does the bronchi do

Passage way for air to reach the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide

What does the alveoli do

Facilitates gas exchange between air and blood stream

Why does excretion mean

To remove metabolic waste from the body

What is Metabolism

Chemical reactions in a cell that keep us alive

what’s toxicity

the degree to which how much harm a substance can cause to a organism

What’s Homeostasis

Maintaining internal conditions within a regular range

What are 2 examples of gaseous waste

Water vapour and carbon dioxide

What are 3 examples of liquid/solid waste

Water, salt, urea

are faeces metabolic waste? Why or why not

No they are not metabolic waste because they’re just undigested food that has never entered a cell

What do you put on the X axis on a graph

Independent variable

What is waste

The unwanted substances that the body produces

What is the reproductive system

Network of hormones, glands and organs designed to produce offspring

What are all the parts of the female reproductive system

Ovaries, cervix, vagina, uterus and fallopian tubes

Name all of the parts of the male reproductive system

Epididymis, penis, testes, scrotum

What is the fertilisation process?

The sperm swims thru the vagina I to the fallopian tubes, genetic material combine and form a single cell when the sperm fertilises the egg, splits into multiple cells whilst traveling to the uterus and growing a blastocyst, it attaches itself onto the uterus lining and cells can either develop into a foetus or placenta

What is a blastocyst

A fluid filled sphere filled with 50-200 cells 5-6 days after fertilisation

What happens if the egg isn’t fertilised

It dissolves