Nerve Cell Structure and Function Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering neuron structures and their functions based on the coordination system lecture notes.

Coordination System

System that functions to receive, process, and transmit stimuli (impulses).

Neuron

The smallest structural unit of the coordination/nervous system.

Dendrite

Neuron part that receives impulses and passes them to the cell body.

Cell Body

Neuron part that receives impulses from dendrites and transmits impulses to other nerve cells or axons.

Axon

A long extension that functions to carry impulses to other nerve cells.

Nucleus

Organelle that regulates cell activity.

Myelin Sheath

Protective covering of the axon.

Node of Ranvier

Gaps in the axon that serve as entry points for ions and accelerate impulse transmission through saltatory jumps.

Schwann Cell

Cell that forms the myelin sheath.

Synapse

The gap or junction connecting one nerve cell to another.