Studied by 4 people
Ch. 1-4
Bacteria
Which of the following types of cells are prokaryotic?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
The order of taxonomic ranks is
Taxonomy
Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
Genes
____ are the units of inheritance
Community
A localized group of organisms that belong to a different species is called a
A molecule containing two or more elements
Compounds
Three
An ion with three protons, four neutrons, and a mass of seven has an atomic number of
Far right of the periodic table, full valence electron shell.
Noble gases
8 neutrons
The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains
Characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Cells are
Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria
Domains of life
Gene expression
Process by which information in a gene directs synthesis of a protein
Not form hydrogen bonds with each other
Sulfur is in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen, but has electronegativity similar to carbon (low electronegativity). Compared to water molecules, molecules of H2S will
A lake heats up more slowly than the air around it.
Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?
helps in cooling because water evaporates from the skin faster
Low humidity in the atmosphere on a hot day
increase in CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Melting of ice and thus reduced feeding opportunities for polar bears is occurring because of the
increases and thus pH increases
As the [H3O+] of the solution decreases, the [OH-]
Its electron configuration (valence electrons)
The kind and number of bonds an atom can form depends on
The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?
carboxyl and amino groups
Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?
have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton
Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s) do these molecules differ from each other? Testosterone and estradiol
Adenosine
Which of the following molecules is a part of ATP?
Natural; process occurs naturally, increase chance for survival
Artificial; traits selected by humans, dont always increase chance of survival
Both have traits inherited by parents
How does natural selection compare to artificial selection?
Process scientists use to study and research
Scientific method
Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion, Result
Order of scientific method
Independent; what you, the scientist, modifies
Dependent; what is changed as a result
Independent vs Dependent Variable
Full valence shell, chemically inert. Aroace.
Noble gases
Valence shell (# of unpaired valence electrons)
Amount of bonds an element can form is determined by
Elements of the same kind; same # of protons, different # of neutrons
Isotopes
One atom is more electronegative than the other, shared electrons spend more time closer together to it
Polar bonds
High surface tension, high specific heat, low density when solid, cohesion, adhesion, dissolving many solutes
Characteristics of water due to the H bonds it can form
They are nonpolar and dont have charges/partial charges to interact with water
Why dont hydrophobic substances dissolve in water?
Can maintain a stable pH when exposed to an acid/base
What makes a solution a good buffer?
10⁻⁴
The pH of tomato juice is 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of tomato juice?
The presence of carbon
What makes a compound organic
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
Isomers
Isotopes that decay
Radioactive isotopes
Left side of the formula
Reactants
Right side of the formula
Products
Base
A solution has a pH of 8. Is this an acid or a base?
pH 4
What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxide ion [OH-] concentration of 10⁻¹⁰
both happen due to H bonds in water
Cohesion & adhesion similarities
Water sticking to itself
Cohesion
Water sticking to other substances
Adhesion
Note
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