Introduction to Critical Thinking

Flashcards covering key concepts related to critical thinking, its importance, characteristics, and barriers.

Critical Thinking

The process of learning how to think critically rather than just learning what to think.

Logic

The study of the methods and principles used to distinguish correct (good) arguments from incorrect (bad) arguments.

Dualism

A phase of cognitive development where right and wrong answers exist and authorities know best.

Relativism

A phase of cognitive development where everyone is entitled to an opinion and no right or wrong answers exist.

Commitment

A phase in which one must use reason and strong evidence to make a decision in an uncertain world.

Received Knower

A type of knower who believes that only right and wrong answers exist and relies on authorities for knowledge.

Subjective Knower

A type of knower who believes that all knowledge is based on personal feelings and opinions.

Procedural Knower

A type of knower who learns to navigate and 'play the game' of academia.

Committed Knower

A type of knower who is an independent, critical, creative thinker, capable of connecting ideas.

Barriers to Critical Thinking

Factors that inhibit clear thinking, including avoidance, anger, clichés, denial, ignorance, conformity, and distractions.

Rationalization

The process of attempting to justify actions or thoughts with seemingly logical reasoning, which may actually be illogical.

Doublethink

The ability to hold two contradictory beliefs and accept both as true.

Analytical Skills

The ability to analyze information and provide logical support for personal beliefs.

Creative Problem Solving

The ability to view problems from various perspectives and develop original solutions.