Pharmacology of Anxiety Disorders and Neurotransmitters

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to anxiety disorders, neurotransmitters, and treatments.

GABA

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Inhibitory Neurotransmitter

A neurotransmitter that decreases the likelihood of the firing of the postsynaptic neuron.

IPSP

Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential, a kind of synaptic potential that makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to fire.

Chloride Ions

Negatively charged ions that enter the neuron when GABA binds to its receptors, contributing to hyperpolarization.

Glutamate

The major excitatory neurotransmitter that increases the likelihood of the firing of the postsynaptic neuron.

EPSP

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential, a kind of synaptic potential that increases the likelihood of the firing of a postsynaptic neuron.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A common anxiety disorder characterized by excessive anxiety and worry about various aspects of life.

Phobia

An irrational fear centered on a specific object, situation, or activity.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

An anxiety disorder characterized by recurring obsessions and compulsions that interfere with daily functioning.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A severe anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to traumatic events, characterized by flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A type of therapy that helps individuals change negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with anxiety.

Anxiolytics

Medications that reduce anxiety by acting on the central nervous system.

Buspirone

An anxiolytic that acts as an agonist at serotonin 1A receptors, used to treat anxiety.

Norepinephrine

A neurotransmitter involved in arousal and alertness, sometimes targeted by anxiety medications.

Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Antidepressants that increase serotonin levels by inhibiting its reuptake, also used to treat anxiety disorders.